A challenge associated with traditional mixture regression models (MRMs), which rest on the assumption of normally distributed errors, is determining the number of unobserved groups. Specifically, even slight deviations from normality can lead to the detection of spurious classes. The current work aims to (a) examine how sensitive the commonly used model selection indices are in class enumerat…
a b s t r a c t Active carbon–ceramic sphere as support of ruthenium catalysts were evaluated through the catalytic wet air oxidation (CWAO) of resin effluent in a packed-bed reactor. Active carbon–ceramic sphere and ruthenium catalysts were characterized by N2 adsorption and chemisorption measurements. BET surface area and total pore volume of active carbon (AC) in the active carbon–…
Abstract. Silica supported Sb–V mixed oxide catalysts (VSbOx/SiO2) were prepared and evaluated in methanol selective oxidation. One-pass yield of formaldehyde at 91% was obtained on one VSbOx/SiO2 catalyst. The active phase of VSbOx/SiO2 catalysts is found to be Sb–V mixed oxide, in which isolated VOx species can be stabilized. The relative amount of monomeric VOx species in VSbOx/SiO2 …
Abstract. Water-soluble and carboxyl-functionalized up-converting rare-earth nanoparticles (UCNPs) are obtained via an efficient surface–ligand-exchange procedure. Hexanedioic acid molecules are employed to replace the original hydrophobic ligands in diethylene glycol solvent at high temperature. Various characterizations indicate the ligand-exchange process has negligible adverse effect …
Abstract. The objective of this work is to study some post-treatment effects, including hydrothermal treatment, calcination and La2O3 modification, on the catalytic performance of a nanoscale HZSM-5 zeolite for ethylation of coking benzene. The nanoscale HZSM-5 zeolite was treated by hydrothermal treatment, calcination and La2O3 modification in series, and the prepared catalysts were evalua…