e-journal
Determinants Of Food Deserts
In this study,we examine the food environment facing low-income urban and rural communities
in Arkansas over the 2004–2010 period.We find no meaningful evidence that urban communities with higher minority populations or communities with lower median income face less access to grocery stores.While urban minority areas were more likely to be classified as food deserts, the effect was small and higher-minority areas actually had higher 2-mile grocery store densities. There is evidence,however, that residents in higherminority urban areas face larger densities of
convenience stores and fast-food restaurants,retail formats that generally provide unhealthy
food options. In rural areas, communities with a higher proportion of vacant housing units
had lower access to grocery stores, and this finding was consistent across the different measures
of grocery store access. This suggests that Arkansans in low-income rural areas with
declining populations may be specifically at risk for low access to healthy food options.
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