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A Miniature Biofuel Cell Operating in A Physiological Buffer
We describe a biofuel cell operating at 37 °C in a glucosecontaining, aerated, pH 7.2, physiological buffer solution (0.14 MNaCl, 20 mM phosphate). It consists of two 7-ím diameter, 2-cm long, 0.44 mm2, electrocatalyst-coated, carbon fibers. Glucose is electrooxidized to gluconolactone on the anode fiber, and dissolved O2 is electroreduced to water on the cathode fiber. When the cell operates continuously for one week at 37 °C, its 1.9 íW power output (50 nW per mm of fiber) at 0.52 V declines to 1.0 íW. In its weeklong operation the cell generates 0.9 J of electrical energy while passing 1.7 C charge. The 1.7 C charge is 100 times higher than the 0.016 C charge that would have been generated at 100% current efficiency through the oxidation of a 7-ím diameter, 2-cm long zinc fiber in a battery.
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