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Biocatalysis for the Production of Industrial Products and Functional Foods from Rice and Other Agricultural Produce

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Many industrial products and functional foods can be obtained from cheap and renewable raw agricultural
materials. For example, starch can be converted to bioethanol as biofuel to reduce the current demand
for petroleum or fossil fuel energy. On the other hand, starch can also be converted to useful functional
ingredients, such as high fructose and high maltose syrups, wine, glucose, and trehalose. The conversion
process involves fermentation by microorganisms and use of biocatalysts such as hydrolases of the
amylase superfamily. Amylases catalyze the process of liquefaction and saccharification of starch. It is
possible to perform complete hydrolysis of starch by using the fusion product of both linear and debranching
thermostable enzymes. This will result in saving energy otherwise needed for cooling before the next
enzyme can act on the substrate, if a sequential process is utilized. Recombinant enzyme technology,
protein engineering, and enzyme immobilization are powerful tools available to enhance the activity of
enzymes, lower the cost of enzyme through large scale production in a heterologous host, increase their
thermostability, improve pH stability, enhance their productivity, and hence making it competitive with the
chemical processes involved in starch hydrolysis and conversions. This review emphasizes the potential
of using biocatalysis for the production of useful industrial products and functional foods from cheap
agricultural produce and transgenic plants. Rice was selected as a typical example to illustrate many
applications of biocatalysis in converting low-value agricultural produce to high-value commercial food
and industrial products. The greatest advantages of using enzymes for food processing and for industrial
production of biobased products are their environmental friendliness and consumer acceptance as being
a natural process.

KEYWORDS: Amylases; amylopectin; amylose; bioethanol; biofuel; bifunctional amylopullulanase,
ethanol; immobilized enzymes, maltose; Picrophilus torridus; protein engineering; recombinant enzyme
technology; starch; starch hydrolysis; thermostable enzymes; trehalose; trehalose synthase; transgenic rice

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Ketersediaan

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Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

J. Agric. Food Chem.

No. Panggil

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Penerbit

Washington, DC : American Chemical Society., 2008

Deskripsi Fisik

J. Agric. Food Chem. 2008, 56, 10445–10451

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

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Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

KIMIA

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

agus

Versi lain/terkait

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