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Comparative study on electrochemical degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol by different Pd/C gas-diffusion cathodes

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Abstract.
Pd/C catalysts used for the Pd/C gas-diffusion cathodes were prepared by the hydrogen gas and/or
formaldehyde reduction, and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron
microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The
electrochemical degradation of 2,4-dichlorophenol was investigated in a diaphragm electrolysis
system, feeding with hydrogen gas then with air, using three different self-made gas-diffusion cathodes.
The results indicated that the Pd/C gas-diffusion cathodes can not only reductively dechlorinate 2,4-
dichlorophenols by feeding hydrogen gas, but also accelerate the two-electron reduction of oxygen (O2)
to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) by feeding air. Therefore, both the removal efficiency and the
dechlorination degree of 2,4-dichlorophenol all reached about 100% after 80 min by using Pd/C gasdiffusion
cathode, which were better than that of the carbon/polytetrafluoroethylene (C/PTFE) gasdiffusion
cathode (no catalyst). The Pd/C catalyst prepared by the hydrogen reduction method had higher
stability and catalytic activity than that prepared by the formaldehyde reduction method. By highperformance
liquid chromatogram (HPLC), the main intermediates of 2,4-dichlorophenol dechlorination
in the cathodic compartment were identified as 4-chlorophenol and 2-chlorophenol, which could be
further dechlorinated to form phenol. Hydroquinone was the first intermediate formed from the
oxidation of phenol, which was subsequently dehydrogenated to benzoquinone. The further oxidation of
benzoquinone, after benzene ring cleavage, led to the formation of aliphatic carboxylic acids such as
maleic, fumaric, and oxalic acids.

Keywords: Electrochemical oxidation, Gas-diffusion cathode, Pd/C catalyst, Chlorophenol, Priority pollutant

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Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental

No. Panggil

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Penerbit

London : Elsevier B.V.., 2009

Deskripsi Fisik

Applied Catalysis B: Environmental 89 (2009) 111–117

Bahasa

English

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Klasifikasi

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Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

KIMIA

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

agus

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