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Field experiments on high expansion (HEX) foam application for controlling LNG pool fire

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Abstract.
Previous research suggests that high expansion foam with an expansion ratio of 500 to 1 is one of the best
options for controlling liquefied natural gas (LNG) pool fire on land. However, its effectiveness heavily
depends on the foam application rate, foam generator location, and the design of LNG spill containment
dike. Examination of these factors is necessary to achieve the maximum benefit for applying HEX on LNG
pool fires.
While theoretical study of the effects of foam on LNG fires is important, the complicated phenomena
involved in LNG pool fire and foam application increase the need for LNG field experimentation. Therefore,
five LNG experiments were conducted at Texas A & M University’s Brayton Fire Training Field. ANGUS FIRE
provided Expandol solution to form 500 to 1 high expansion foam (HEX) and its latest LNG Turbex Fixed
High Expansion Foam Generators.
In this paper, data collected during five experiments are presented and analyzed. The effectiveness of
high expansion foam for controlling LNG pool fires with various application rates at two different types
of containment pits is discussed. LNG fire behaviors and the effects of dike wall height are also presented
and discussed.

Keywords:
High expansion foam
Mitigation system
Dike
Containment pit
LNG
Pool fire suppression

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Ketersediaan

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Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

Journal of Hazardous Materials

No. Panggil

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Penerbit

London : Elsevier B.V.., 2009

Deskripsi Fisik

Journal of Hazardous Materials 165 (2009) 612–622

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

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Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

LINGKUNGAN HIDUP

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

agus

Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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