Pre-treatment technologies, and their effect on international bioenergy supply chain logistics. Techno-economic evaluation of torrefaction, fast pyrolysis and pelletisation

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Pre-treatment technologies, and their effect on international bioenergy supply chain logistics. Techno-economic evaluation of torrefaction, fast pyrolysis and pelletisation

Ayla Uslu - Nama Orang; Andre´ P.C. Faaij - Nama Orang; P.C.A. Bergman - Nama Orang;

Abstract.
The pre-treatment step has a significant influence on the performance of bioenergy chains, especially on
logistics. Torrefaction, pelletisation and pyrolysis technologies can convert biomass at modest scales
into dense energy carriers that ease transportation and handling.
Torrefaction is a very promising technology due to its high process efficiency (94%) compared to
pelletisation (84%) and pyrolysis (64%). When torrefaction is combined with pelletisation, the product
(TOP2) energy content is as high as 20.4–22.7 GJ/ton. The primary energy requirement for TOP delivery
from Latin America to Rotterdam harbour can be as low as 0.05 GJ/GJ, in contrast to 0.12 GJ/GJ for pellets
and 0.08 GJ/GJHHV for pyrolysis oil. TOP can be delivered to Europe at over 74 h/ton (3.3 h/GJ) and
electricity could be produced as cheap as 4.4 hcent/kWhe from an existing co-firing plant. Fisher
Tropisch fuel costs 6 h/GJHHV for TOP, 7 E/GJ for conventional pellets and 9.5 E/GJHHV for pyrolysis oil.
Consequently, fuel production from TOP and conventional pellets is comparable to the current gasoline
production cost ranging from 3 to 7 E/GJHHV and diesel from 2 to 7 E/GJHHV, depending on the oil market.3
Thus, well designed supply chains make international trade of biomass feasible from energy efficiency
and economic perspective.

Keywords:
Biomass
Bioenergy
Pre-treatment
Torrefaction
Pelletisation
Pyrolysis
TOP

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Informasi Detail

Judul Seri: Energy
No. Panggil: -
Penerbit: London : Elsevier Ltd.., 2008
Deskripsi Fisik: Energy 33 (2008) 1206– 1223
Bahasa: English
ISBN/ISSN: -
Klasifikasi: -
Tipe Isi: -
Tipe Media: -
Tipe Pembawa: -
Edisi: -
Subjek: KIMIA
Info Detail Spesifik: -
Pernyataan Tanggungjawab: agus

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Pre-treatment technologies, and their effect on international bioenergy supply chain logistics. Techno-economic evaluation of torrefaction, fast pyrolysis and pelletisation

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