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Urban Forestry: Toward an Ecosystem Services Research Agenda: A Workshop Summary
Many participants noted that the workshop provided a valuable opportunity to reflect
on the state of science regarding the role of trees in urban ecosystems, and that it identified
knowledge gaps and challenges in translating science into practice. These discussions drew
on the expertise of scientists from multiple disciplinary perspectives and of stakeholders
from a wide variety of public agencies and non-governmental organizations. At the same
time however, participants signaled that there is a larger research community that can
contribute to this conversation in order to fully understand the potential synergies and
tradeoffs of services and disservices provided by trees in the urban ecosystem. Current
researchers have made significant progress in studying how trees can mitigate some of the
detrimental impacts of urbanization through a variety of ecosystem services. However, a
number of workshop participants noted that scientific understanding of key mechanisms
governing ecosystem functions across multiple scales is incomplete, and most benefits of
urban trees require further investigation. In many specific cases, the existing base of studies
is too limited to allow one to make generalizations.
Some participants pointed out the need to ask fundamental questions about the
assumptions that guide most urban forestry research. Some emphasized the challenges of
informing decision making in the context of this evolving science and noted the potential
pitfalls of translating premature conclusions into practice. Others pointed to the need for a
shared definition of an “urban forest” and the need to examine the ecological, historical,
cultural, and institutional dimensions that shape urban forestry research. Several highlighted
how inconsistencies in existing methodological approaches and measurement methods can
affect progress of the science. Overall, the workshop discussions indicated that to advance
the study of urban trees and their role in providing ecosystem services, it is necessary to
continue to raise new questions and to develop new paradigms and new tools that can fully
address the complexity of urban ecosystems as human habitats.
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