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POLYMER COMPOSITES. From Nano- to Macro-Scale

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The use of polymer composites in various engineering applications has become state of the art. This multi-author volume provides a useful summary of updated knowledge on polymer composites in general, practically integrating experimental studies, theoretical analyses and computational modeling at different scales, i.e., from nano- to macroscale. Detailed consideration is given to four major areas: structure and properties of polymer nanocomposites, characterization and modeling, processing and application of macrocomposites, and mechanical performance of macrocomposites.

The idea to organize this volume arose from a very impressive workshop - The First International Workshop on Polymers and Composites at IVW Kaiserslautern: Invited Humboldt-Fellows and Distinguished Scientists, which
was held on May 22-24,2003 at the University of Kaiserslautern, Germany. The contributing authors were invited to incorporate updated knowledge and developments into their individual chapters within a year after the workshop, which finally led to these excellent contributions. The success of this workshop was mainly sponsored by the German Alexander von Humboldt Foundation through a Sofia Kovalevskaja Award Program, financed by the Federal Ministry for Education and Research within the "Investment in the Future Program" of the German Government. In 2001, the Humboldt Foundation launched this new award program in order to offer outstanding young researchers throughout the world an opportunity to establish their own work-groups and to develop innovative research concepts virtually in Germany. One of the editors, Z. Zhang, was among the 29 award winners in total, who was supported to establish an independent research team between 2001 and 2005 at the Institute for Composite Materials (IVW), University of Kaiserslautern, hosted by K. Friedrich.

The importance of promoting better knowledge in the field of polymer composites is demonstrated by the contents of this volume, which contains 18 independent chapters. The first part of this volume deals with the topic of structure and properties of polymer nanocomposites. In Chapter 1, Schulte et al. review the state of the art of carbon nanotube-reinforced polymers. The opportunity to apply carbon nanotubes as a filler for polymers and the improvement of the mechanical and functional properties are discussed. The application of non-layered nanoparticles in polymer modification is described by M. Q. Zhang et al. in Chapter 2. A grafting polymerization technique is applied to inorganic nanoparticles, which helps to provide the composites with balanced performance. Chapter 3, authored by Haupert and Wetzel, focuses on the reinforcement of thermosetting polymers by the incorporation of micro- and nanoparticles. Homogeneously distributed inorganic nanoparticles possess the potential to improve the mechanical performance of epoxy at very low filler contents. Privalko et al. present some interesting results concerning the synthesis and structure-property relationships of polyimide reinforced with a sol-gel derived organosilicon nanophase in Chapter 4, which suggest a good potential of low dielectric permittivity materials of this nanocomposite. Chapter 5 by Varghese and Karger-Kocsis focuses on the layered silicatelrubber nanocomposites via latex and solution intercalations. The structure-property relationships are discussed based on the dispersion state of the clay and the aspect ratio of the silicate layers. In Chapter 6, Sreekala and Eger report the property improvements of an epoxy resin by nano-silica particle reinforcement. The incorporation of SiO, nanoparticles into a reactive epoxy resin via a sol-gel process generated a new class of nanocomposites with perfect nanoparticle dispersion.

Part I1 focuses on some special characterization methods and modeling in the field of polymer composites. Chapter 7 by Goda et al. deals with micro-scratch testing and finite element contact and debonding analysis of polymer composites. A finite element macro/micro contact model has been introduced with the displacement coupling technique in order to study wear and failure mechanisms in real fiber-reinforced composites. Chapter 8, authored by Lauke et al., concentrates mainly on the determination of the interface strength of polymerpolymer joints by a curved interface tensile test. A new experimental method for the determination of the adhesion strength between two different materials is proposed and the stress concentration at the interface as a function of applied load is derived by the finite element method. In Chapter 9, Evstatiev et al. present the manufacturing and characterization of microfibrillar reinforced composites from different thermoplastic polymer blends. Various examples of the manufacturing and processing of this new type of polymer-polymer composites are given and their structure-property relationships are investigated. Z. Zhang and Friedrich review the state of the art of the tribological properties of micro- and nanoparticle reinforced polymer composites in Chapter 10. Nanoparticles have a significant influence on the wear performance of polymers and composites.

"Macrocomposites: Processing and Application" is the topic of the third part of this volume. In Chapter 1 1 , Nunes et al. consider the production of thermoplastic towpregs and towpreg-based composites. A purposely built powdercoating equipment was used to make thermoplastic matrix towpregs and preconsolidated tapes (prepregs) from continuous fibers and a polymer powder. The mechanical properties of the composites were determined in order to assess the efficiency of this new process. Chapter 12 by Mitschang and Ogale deals with the manufacturing of tailored reinforcements for liquid composite molding (LCM) processes. Stitching and sewing processes exhibit high potential to generate various advanced fiber-reinforced polymer composites based on LCM. Ye et al. describe the deconsolidation and reconsolidation of thermoplastic composites during
processing in Chapter 13. A mechanistic model for void growth during thermal deconsolidation, and a transient heat analysis are introduced. An indicative voidclosure model and a squeezed creep flow model are further discussed regarding to these important issues during thermoplastic composite processing. In Chapter 14,
long fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composites and their automotive applications are discussed by Harmia et al. Advantages in processing and excellent performance suggest the use of these composites in the automobile industry.

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Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

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Penerbit

New York : Springer Science+Business Media, Inc.., 2005

Deskripsi Fisik

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1. SPIN 11053842. xxi, 367 hlm.

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

038726312X

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Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

FISIKA

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

agus

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