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Fabrication of porous carbon nanofibers with adjustable pore sizes as electrodes for supercapacitors

Abstract.
We report a facile method for obtaining extremely high surface area and uniformly porous carbon
nanofibers for supercapacitors. Blends of polyacrylonitrile and sacrificial Nafion at different compositions
have been electrospun into non-woven nanofiber mats with diameters in the range of 200-400 nm.
Electrospun nanofiber mats are then subjected to carbonization to obtain porous carbon nanofibers
(CNFs) as polyacrylonitrile converts to carbon and Nafion decomposes out creating intra-fiber pores.
Resultant porous CNFs exhibit specific surface area of up to 1600 m2 g-1 with a large fraction of mesopores
(2e4 nm). No additional chemical or physical activation process was used. We demonstrate the
tunability of the pore sizes within CNFs by varying the amount of Nafion. The non-woven fiber mats of
porous CNFs are studied as free-standing electrode materials for supercapacitors eliminating the need for
polymeric binding agents. Electrochemical measurements showed large specific gravimetric and volumetric
capacitances of up to 210 F g-1 and 60 F cm-3 in 1 M H2SO4 at a high cyclic voltammetry scan rate
of 100 mV s-1 due to the large fraction of mesopores. These materials retain 75% performance at a large
current density of 20 A g-1 indicating excellent power handling capability.

Keywords: Electrical double layer supercapacitors; Porous carbon nanofibers; Electrospinning; Nafion
Cyclic voltammetry; Transmission electron microscopy

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Informasi Detail
Judul Seri
Journal of Power Sources
No. Panggil
-
Penerbit
New York : Elsevier B.V..,
Deskripsi Fisik
Journal of Power Sources 235 (2013) 289-296
Bahasa
English
ISBN/ISSN
-
Klasifikasi
-
Tipe Isi
-
Tipe Media
-
Tipe Pembawa
-
Edisi
235 (2013)
Subjek
KAPASITOR ELEKTROKIMIA
Info Detail Spesifik
-
Pernyataan Tanggungjawab
Versi lain/terkait

Tidak tersedia versi lain

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