e-journal
Tribal Resistance Movements and the Politics of Development- Induced Displacement in Contemporary Orissa
Abstract.
The article is a study of two tribal movements based on development-induced
displacements in contemporary Orissa. In fact, all the two micro-movement
studies are resistance movements against mining based heavy metal industries,
e.g. against the Utkal Alumina International Ltd. (UAIL) at Kashipur and against
the Vedanta Aluminium Ltd. (VAL) at Lanjigarh. Based on both primary and secondary
data, the study is an exercise in new social movement theory. Within the
analytical framework of new social movement perspective, the article attempts
to explore the nature and extent of displacement and loss of livelihood caused by
the projects along with the issues of disappearing tribal culture and tribal identity
with the advent of modernity and its corresponding alien culture. Further, it
explores the extent of politicisation of the movements. In its continued exploration,
the article articulates the role of the civil society (intellectuals, mass media,
activists’ organisations and NGOs) in shaping the course of the movement.
Lastly, it explicates the questions on development discourse and emergent policy
issues from these micro-movements.
Keywords: Collective mobilisation, development-induced displacement, tribal protest, new
social movements, tribal identity, role of civil society, politics of development,
inclusive development
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