e-journal
Identification and characterization of more than 4 million intervarietal SNPs across the group 7 chromosomes of bread wheat
Summary.
Despite being a major international crop, our understanding of the wheat genome is relatively
poor due to its large size and complexity. To gain a greater understanding of wheat genome
diversity, we have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms between 16 Australian bread
wheat varieties. Whole-genome shotgun Illumina paired read sequence data were mapped to
the draft assemblies of chromosomes 7A, 7B and 7D to identify more than 4 million intervarietal
SNPs. SNP density varied between the three genomes, with much greater density observed on
the A and B genomes than the D genome. This variation may be a result of substantial gene flow
from the tetraploid Triticum turgidum, which possesses A and B genomes, during early
co-cultivation of tetraploid and hexaploid wheat. In addition, we examined SNP density variation
along the chromosome syntenic builds and identified genes in low-density regions which may
have been selected during domestication and breeding. This study highlights the impact of
evolution and breeding on the bread wheat genome and provides a substantial resource for trait
association and crop improvement. All SNP data are publically available on a generic genome
browser GBrowse at www.wheatgenome.info.
Keywords: Triticum aestivum, diversity, single nucleotide polymorphisms, evolution.
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