e-journal

Evolution of cryptic gene pools in Hypericum perforatum: the influence of reproductive system and gene flow

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† Background and Aims:
Hypericum perforatum (St. John’s wort) is a widespread Eurasian perennial plant species with remarkable variation in its morphology, ploidy and breeding system, which ranges from sex to apomixis. Here, hypotheses on the evolutionary origin of St. John’s wort are tested and contrasted with the subsequent history of interspecific gene flow.

† Methods:
Extensive field collections were analysed for quantitative morphological variation, ploidy, chromosome numbers and genetic diversity using nuclear (amplified fragment length polymorphism) and plastid (trnL-trnF) markers. The mode of reproduction was analysed by FCSS (flow cytometric seed screen).

† Key Results:
It is demonstrated that H. perforatum is not of hybrid origin, and for the first time wild diploid populations are documented. Pseudogamous facultative apomictic reproduction is prevalent in the polyploids,
whereas diploids are predominantly sexual, a phenomenon which also characterizes its sister species
H. maculatum. Both molecular markers characterize identical major gene pools, distinguishing H. perforatum
from H. maculatum and two genetic groups in H. perforatum. All three gene pools are in close geographical
contact. Extensive gene flow and hybridization throughout Europe within and between gene pools and species
is exemplified by the molecular data and confirmed by morphometric analyses.

†Conclusions:
Hypericum perforatum is of a single evolutionary origin and later split into two major gene pools. Subsequently, independent and recurrent polyploidization occurred in all lineages and was accompanied by substantial gene flow within and between H. perforatum and H. maculatum. These processes are highly influenced by the reproductive system in both species, with a switch to predominantly apomictic reproduction in polyploids, irrespective of their origin.

Key words: Apomixis, evolution, hybridization, Hypericum perforatum, Hypericum maculatum, reproductive
mode, St. John’s wort.

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Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

Annals of Botany

No. Panggil

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Penerbit

Oxford : Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company., 2013

Deskripsi Fisik

Annals of Botany 111: 1083–1094, 2013

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

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Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

PEMULIAAN TANAMAN

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

agus

Versi lain/terkait

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