e-journal

Ricinosomes provide an early indicator of suspensor and endosperm cells destined to die during late seed development in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa)

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† Background and Aims:
In mature quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) seeds, the lasting endosperm forms a micropylar cone covering the radicle. The suspensor cells lie within the centre of the cone. During the final stage of seed development,
the cells of the lasting endosperm accumulate protein and lipids while the rest are crushed and disintegrated. Both the suspensor and endosperm die progressively from the innermost layers surrounding the embryo and extending towards the nucellar tissue. Ricinosomes are endoplasmic reticulum-derived organelles that accumulate both the pro-form and the mature form of cysteine endopeptidase (Cys-EP), first identified in castor bean (Ricinus communis) endosperm during germination. This study sought to identify associations between the presence of ricinosomes and programmed cell death (PCD) hallmarks in suspensor and endosperm cells predestined to die during quinoa seed development.

† Methods:
A structural study using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopywas performed. To detect
the presence of Cys-EP, both western blot and in situ immunolocalization assays were carried out using anti-
R. communis Cys-EP antibody. ATUNEL assay was used to determine DNA fragmentation.

† Results and Conclusions:
Except for the one or two cell layers that constitute the lasting endosperm in the mature seed, ricinosomes were found in suspensor and endosperm cells. These cells were also the site of morphological abnormalities,
including misshapen and fragmented nuclei, vesiculation of the cytosol, vacuole collapse and cell wall
disorganization. It is proposed that, in suspensor and endosperm cells, the early detection of Cys-EP in ricinosomes predicts the occurrence of PCD during late seed development.

Key words: Amaranthaceae, Chenopodium quinoa, Chenopodiaceae, cysteine endopeptidase, Cys-EP, Cys-EP in
situ immunolocalization, Cys-EP western blot, endosperm, micropylar endosperm, programmed cell death, PCD,
ricinosomes, suspensor, TUNEL.

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Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

Annals of Botany

No. Panggil

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Penerbit

Oxford : Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company., 2013

Deskripsi Fisik

Annals of Botany 112: 1253–1262, 2013

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

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Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

112: 2013

Subjek

PEMULIAAN TANAMAN

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

agus

Versi lain/terkait

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