e-book
Biology of Fishes
In the compass of this small book it is impossible to cover all aspects of fish
biology. Even at a fairly low level, such an herculean task, would require a very
much larger book. Instead, we have chosen to look in more detail at topics that
are most interesting to us, some of which are not too well treated in other texts.
Our aim is to explain such topics as oxygen acquisition or feeding mechanisms
in sufficient detail that the reader will be able to understand research papers
on these topics. We have tried to give a sufficiently wide-ranging bibliography
that the reader can begin to grasp those topics not covered, and to enjoy making
further forays into those that are.
A variety of replies may be given to people who ask why study fish? One
kind of reply might mention that commercial and sport fisheries are of great
economic importance, often of political interest where stocks have to be
shared and hunting limited, and fish farming continues to become increasingly
important. These are cogent reasons for studying fish, and, as they are,
after all, mainly protein, fish should play a significant role in feeding proteinpoor
populations.
Quite a different reply might be given by physiologists, who are always
interested in special cases that may assist understanding of a general process.
The classic example of such a special case is the giant axon of the squid, (at
1–1.5 mm, the largest diameter nerve fiber known) with which axon potential
generation was first understood. This book, chiefly about fish as remarkably
efficient machines for coping with the many problems that life in water
entails, looks at many such special cases. It is immensely fascinating to see
how life in habitats ranging from transient puddles to the abyssal depths of the
sea has produced unique adaptations to deal with particular problems such as
the acquisition of oxygen, locomotion, and sensory awareness. For instance,
some fish have eyes that are adapted for vision in air, others have eyes adapted
to see at wavelengths invisible to other fish around them. Again, it is obvious
that some fish live in water almost of distilled purity, others in the sea or saline
lakes, yet they both have to obtain oxygen at the gills where the blood must be
very close to such different fluids.
This is the third edition of a book originally published in 1982 and revised
in 1995. Prof. Richard Moore joins Dr Quentin Bone for this new edition, which
is much altered from the previous editions to make it easier to use. A new
chapter on immunology has been added, and in all chapters a serious attempt
has been made to take account of the enormous increase in scientific studies
of fish each year and to give up-to-date references.
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