e-book
Physiology
Physiology is the foundation of medical practice. A firm grasp of its principles is essential
for the medical student and the practicing physician. This book is intended for students
of medicine and related disciplines who are engaged in the study of physiology. It can
be used either as a companion to lectures and syllabi in discipline-based curricula or as
a primary source in integrated or problem-based curricula. For advanced students, the
book can serve as a reference in pathophysiology courses and in clinical clerkships.
In the fifth edition of this book, as in the previous editions, the important concepts
in physiology are covered at the organ system and cellular levels. Chapters 1 and 2
present the underlying principles of cellular physiology and the autonomic nervous
system. Chapters 3 through 10 present the major organ systems: neurophysiology and
cardiovascular, respiratory, renal, acid-base, gastrointestinal, endocrine, and reproductive
physiology. The relationships between organ systems are emphasized to underscore
the integrative mechanisms for homeostasis.
This edition includes the following features designed to facilitate the study of
physiology:
♦ Text that is easy to read and concise: Clear headings orient the student to the organization
and hierarchy of the material. Complex physiologic information is presented
systematically, logically, and step-wise. When a process occurs in a specific sequence,
the steps are numbered in the text and often correlate with numbers shown in a
figure. Bullets are used to separate and highlight the features of a process. Rhetorical
questions are posed throughout the text to anticipate the questions that students may
be asking; by first contemplating and then answering these questions, students learn
to explain difficult concepts and rationalize unexpected or paradoxical findings. References
at the end of each chapter direct the student to monographs, texts, review
articles, and classic papers that offer further detail or historical perspective. Chapter
summaries provide a brief overview.
♦ Tables and illustrations that can be used in concert with the text or, because they
are designed to stand alone, as a review: The tables summarize, organize, and make
comparisons. Examples are (1) a table that compares the gastrointestinal hormones
with respect to hormone family, site of and stimuli for secretion, and hormone
actions; (2) a table that compares the pathophysiologic features of disorders of Ca2+
homeostasis; and (3) a table that compares the features of the action potential in
different cardiac tissues. The illustrations are clearly labeled, often with main headings,
and include simple diagrams, complex diagrams with numbered steps, and flow
charts.
♦ Equations and sample problems that are integrated into the text: All terms and units
in equations are defined, and each equation is restated in words to place it in a
physiologic context. Sample problems are followed by complete numerical solutions
and explanations that guide the student through the proper steps in reasoning; by
following the steps provided, students acquire the skills and confidence to solve
similar or related problems.
♦ Clinical physiology presented in boxes: Each box features a fictitious patient with a
classic disorder. The clinical findings and proposed treatment are explained in terms
of underlying physiologic principles. An integrative approach to the patient is used
to emphasize the relationships between organ systems. For example, the case of
type I diabetes mellitus involves a disorder not only of the endocrine system but also
of the renal, acid-base, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems.
♦ Practice questions in “Challenge Yourself” sections at the end of each chapter: Practice
questions, which are designed for short answers (a word, a phrase, or a numerical
solution), challenge the student to apply principles and concepts in problem solving
rather than to recall isolated facts. The questions are posed in varying formats and
are given in random order. They will be most helpful when used as a tool after studying
each chapter and without referring to the text. In that way, the student can
confirm his or her understanding of the material and can determine areas of weakness.
Answers are provided at the end of the book.
♦ Abbreviations and normal values presented in appendices. As students refer to and
use these common abbreviations and values throughout the book, they will find that
they become second nature.
This book embodies three beliefs that I hold about teaching: (1) even complex information
can be transmitted clearly if the presentation is systematic, logical, and presented
step-wise; (2) the presentation can be just as effective in print as in person; and
(3) beginning medical students wish for nonreference teaching materials that are accurate
and didactically strong but without the details that primarily concern experts. In
essence, a book can “teach” if the teacher’s voice is present, if the material is carefully
selected to include essential information, and if great care is paid to logic and sequence.
This text offers a down-to-earth and professional presentation written to students and
for students.
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