e-journal

Insights from ANA-grade angiosperms into the early evolution of CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON genes

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Background and Aims The closely related NAC family genes NO APICAL MERISTEM (NAM) and CUPSHAPED
COTYLEDON3 (CUC3) regulate the formation of boundaries within and between plant organs.
NAM is post-transcriptionally regulated by miR164, whereas CUC3 is not. To gain insight into the evolution
of NAM and CUC3 in the angiosperms, we analysed orthologous genes in early-diverging ANA-grade angiosperms
and gymnosperms.
Methods We obtained NAM- and CUC3-like sequences from diverse angiosperms and gymnosperms by a combination
of reverse transcriptase PCR, cDNA library screening and database searching, and then investigated their
phylogenetic relationships by performing maximum-likelihood reconstructions. We also studied the spatial
expression patterns of NAM, CUC3 and MIR164 orthologues in female reproductive tissues of Amborella
trichopoda, the probable sister to all other flowering plants.
Key Results Separate NAM and CUC3 orthologues were found in early-diverging angiosperms, but not in gymnosperms, which contained putative orthologues of the entire NAM + CUC3 clade that possessed sites of regulation by miR164. Multiple paralogues of NAM or CUC3 genes were noted in certain taxa, including
Brassicaceae. Expression of NAM, CUC3 and MIR164 orthologues from Am. trichopoda was found to co-localize
in ovules at the developmental boundary between the chalaza and nucellus.
Conclusions The NAM and CUC3 lineages were generated by duplication, and CUC3 was subsequently lost
regulation by miR164, prior to the last common ancestor of the extant angiosperms. However, the paralogous
NAM clade genes CUC1 and CUC2 were generated by a more recent duplication, near the base of
Brassicaceae. The function of NAM and CUC3 in defining a developmental boundary in the ovule appears to
have been conserved since the last common ancestor of the flowering plants, as does the post-transcriptional regulation in ovule tissues of NAM by miR164.
Key words: CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON, CUC, NO APICAL MERISTEM, NAM, NAC, MIR164, Amborella
trichopoda, Cabomba aquatica, Ginkgo biloba, angiosperm, gymnosperm.

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Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

Annals of Botany

No. Panggil

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Penerbit

: Oxford University Press on behalf of the Annals of Botany Company., 2011

Deskripsi Fisik

Annals of Botany 107: 1511–1519, 2011

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

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Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

PERTANIAN.

Info Detail Spesifik

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yuli/agus

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