e-book

Fundamentals of Environmental Sampling and Analysis

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The acquisition of reliable and defensible environmental data through proper
sampling and analytical technique is often an essential part of the careers for many
environmental professionals. However, there is currently a very diverse and diffuse
source of literature in the field of environmental sampling and analysis. The nature
of the literature often makes beginners and even skilled environmental professionals
find it very difficult to comprehend the needed contents. The overall objective of this
text is to introduce a comprehensive overview on the fundamentals of environmental
sampling and analysis for students in environmental science and engineering as well
as environmental professionals who are involved in various stages of sampling and
analytical work.

Two unique features are evident in this book. First, this book presents a ‘‘know
why’’ rather than a ‘‘know how’’ strategy. It is not intended to be a cookbook that
presents the step-by-step details. Rather, fundamentals of sampling, selection of
standard methods, chemical and instrumental principles, and method applications to
particular contaminants are detailed. Second, the book gives an integrated
introduction to sampling and analysis—both are essential to quality environmental
data. For example, contrary to other books that introduce a specific area of sampling
and analysis, this text provides a balanced mix of field sampling and laboratory
analysis, essential knowledge in chemistry, statistics, hydrology, wet chemical
methods for conventional chemicals, as well as various modern instrumental
techniques for contaminants of emerging concerns.

Chapter 1 starts with an overview on the framework of environmental sampling
and analysis and the importance for the acquisition of scientifically reliable and
legally defensible data. Chapter 2 provides some background information necessary
for the readers to better understand the subsequent chapters, such as review on
analytical and organic chemistry, statistics for data analysis, hydrogeology, and
environmental regulations relevant to sampling and analysis. The following two
chapters introduce the fundamentals of environmental sampling—where and when
to take samples, how many, how much, and how to take samples from air, liquid, and
solid media.

Chapter 5 introduces the standard methodologies by the US EPA and other
agencies. Their structures, method classifications, and cross references among
various standards are presented to aid readers in selecting the proper methods.
Quality assurance and quality control (QA/QC) for both sampling and analysis are
also included in this chapter as a part of the standard methodology. Chapter 6
provides some typical operations in environmental laboratories and details the
chemical principles of wet chemical methods most commonly used in environmental
analysis. Prior to the introduction to instrumental analysis and applications in
environmental analysis in Chapters 8–12, various sample preparation methods are
discussed and compared in Chapter 7.

In Chapter 8, the theories of absorption spectroscopy for qualitative and
quantitative analysis are presented. UV-visible spectroscopy is the main focus of this
chapter because nowadays it is still the workhorse in many of the environmental
laboratories. Chapter 9 is devoted to metal analysis using various atomic absorption
and emission spectrometric methods. Chapter 10 focuses on the instrumental
principles of the three most important chromatographic methods in environmental
analysis, i.e., gas chromatography (GC), high performance liquid chromatography
(HPLC), and ion chromatography (IC). Chapter 11 introduces the electrochemical
principles and instrumentations for some common environmental analysis, such as
pH, potential titrations, dissolved oxygen, ion selective electrodes, conductivity, and
metal analysis using anodic stripping voltammetry. Chapter 12 introduces several
analytical techniques that are becoming increasingly important to meet today’s
challenge in environmental analysis, such as various hyphenated mass spectrometries
using ICP/MS, GS/MS and LC/MS. This last chapter concludes with a brief
introduction to nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (less commonly used in
quantitative analysis but important to structural identifications in environmental
research) and specific instrumentations including radiochemical analysis, electron
scanning microscopes, and immunoassays.

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Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

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Penerbit

New Jersey : John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.., 2007

Deskripsi Fisik

GE45.S75Z43; 628–dc22- 2006030899

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

978-0-471-71097-4

Klasifikasi

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Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

STATISTIK
SAMPEL DAN ANALISIS LINGKUNGAN

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

agus

Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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