e-book

Handbook of Industrial Chemistry: Organic Chemicals

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The organic chemical industry is an important branch of industry and
its structure usually centers on petroleum and hydrocarbon derived
chemicals. The volume text of available books is generally lacking in covering
other very important nonpetroleum-based organic industries such
as paints, dyes, edible oils, fats and waxes, soaps and detergents, sugars,
fermentation, chemical explosives, and agrochemical industries.

This book focuses primarily on the chemical processing of raw materials
other than petroleum and hydrocarbons. These materials are usually
converted into useful and profitable products that are, in general,
used as consumer goods. The book addresses the needs of both students
and practicing chemists and chemical engineers. It is intended to be a
primary source of information for the young practicing professionals
who wish to broaden their knowledge of the organic process industry as
a whole. The book may also serve as a textbook for advanced undergraduate
students in industrial chemistry.

Chapter 1 describes the development of the chemical industry and its
role in welfare and employment around the world. This chapter shows
how raw materials are procured and converted to consumer products.
Chapter 2 discusses safety aspects in organic industries and methods
to protect the workers from hazards such as exposure to dangerous
chemicals, heat, pressures, high electric fields, accelerating objects, and
other sources of hazards.

Chapter 3 deals with the sources of pollution caused by raw materials,
products, and wastes in petroleum, petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals,
food, and other industries. The growing public concerns over the
safety of chemicals in the environment, and the efforts by the governments
and industries for their control, are discussed.
Chapter 4 presents the chemistry and technology of edible oil, fat, and wax
processing including refining, recovery, crystallization, interesterification,
and hydrogenation. The key oxidation reactions of lipids leading to quality
deterioration of processed and unprocessed foods, and the mechanism of
the action of the antioxidants in improving oxidation stability of foods are
discussed.

Chapter 5 highlights the soap and detergent industry. The raw materials,
important processes of production, and economic importance of the
soap and detergent industry are elaborated.
Chapter 6 covers one of the most widely distributed and abundant
organic chemicals—the sugars. The chemistry of saccharides, historical
survey, and world production of sugar are presented. The sugar recovery
from the two principal sources—sugar cane and sugar beets—are
discussed. The chemistry and uses of nonsugar sweetening agents is
also presented.

Chapter 7 describes paints, pigments, and industrial coatings. The
major paint components, namely, pigments, binders, additives, and solvents
are discussed in separate sections. These are followed by the principles
of formulation, application techniques, durability, and testing of
paints.

Chapter 8 is devoted to the industrially produced dyes with their classification,
manufacture, properties, and main applications, as well as
environmental and health aspects.

Chapter 9 presents an overview of modern fermentation processes and
their application in food, pharmaceutical, and industrial chemical industries.
The social and economic importance of fermentation processes is
discussed.

The pharmaceutical industry is presented in Chapter 10 as one of the
most important sectors of healthcare worldwide. The discovery, the
development, and the production of drugs are covered in this chapter.
The chapter also includes the correlation between the growth in the
worldwide market for Pharmaceuticals and the increase of the world
population as a result of higher life expectancy and changes in lifestyle.
Chapter 11 presents an overview of the agrochemical industry.
Beginning with the introduction and historical background, it leads to
the modern trends in agriculture, chemical pest control, herbicides,
fungicides, insecticides, and biological pest control agents. Social and
economic aspects of pesticides use are also discussed.

Chapter 12 presents the chemistry of explosives. Chemical explosives
and propellants are well-covered in this book because of their importance
for peaceful uses. They are considered chemical compounds in pure form
or mixtures that rapidly produce a large volume of hot gases when
properly ignited. The destructive effects of explosives are much more
spectacular than their peaceful uses. However, it appears that more
explosives have been used by industries for peaceful purposes than in
all the wars.

Chapter 13 covers the conversion of crude oil into desired products in
an economically feasible and environmentally acceptable manner.
Descriptions are provided for (1) desalting and dewatering; (2) separation
processes, of which distillation is the prime example; (3) conversion
processes, of which coking and catalytic cracking are prime examples;
and (4) finishing processes, of which hydrotreating to remove sulfur is
a prime example. Descriptions of the various petroleum products (from
fuel gas to asphalt and coke) are also given.

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Ketersediaan

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Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

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Penerbit

New York : The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.., 2005

Deskripsi Fisik

xx, 661 Hlm.

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

0-07-141037-6

Klasifikasi

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Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

KIMIA INDUSTRI
KIMIA ORGANIK

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

agus

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