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Understanding Society and Natural Resources : Forging New Strands of Integration Across the Social Sciences
This book covers a wide range of subjects which have enormous relevance to the interface between human society and the use and conservation of natural resources. This is a theme on which perhaps much more could have been done by researchers and academics, but possibly the integration of various disciplines, particularly through those dealing with the physical sciences and researchers involved in the social sciences, does not take place with adequate facility in most parts of the world. This volume is clearly an important contribution to the literature with a proper blending of different disciplines that would help us understand the interface between human society and natural resources in an integral manner.
The very fi rst pages beginning with the introduction set out the case for transdisciplinarity.
This theme is then dealt with elaborately in subsequent chapters in a manner that would appeal to all the disciplines represented in the chapters of the book. I would hope that this effort can also be replicated through integration of disciplines dealing with the subject of climate change. As was logical, the initial work of scientists dealing with climate change focused largely on the biophysical
and geophysical aspects of this problem. This, of course, was essential because it was important for society to understand what really was happening with changes in the physical system given that emissions of greenhouse gases have been increasing, and as a result the concentration of these gases going up signifi cantly since industrialization.
It was also essential to understand the physical nature of impacts of climate change, such as those involving the entire water cycle and how it would be affected as a result, as well as to assess the physical impacts of climate change in the form of extreme events and disasters. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) brought out a special report in 2011 on Managing the Risks of Extreme
Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation. This provided an in-depth assessment not only of extreme events and how their frequency and intensity would change as a result of climate change but also various human dimensions of the problem. One of the observations that was brought out in the report stated that between 1970 and 2008, 95 % of the fatalities that took place around the world as a
result of all kinds of disasters occurred in the developing countries. There was also an elaboration of several other implications for human society from increase in extreme events and disasters, which clearly brought out far better integration of the physical sciences with the social sciences than was perhaps possible some years ago. However, much more research and a greater extent of published material would help our understanding of the human aspects of climate change, if such work were to be carried out through the combining of various disciplines and by blending the physical sciences with the social sciences.
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