e-journal
School food gardens: fertile ground for education
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to respond to food insecurity and environmental
sustainability through school food gardens in Johannesburg, South Africa.
Design/methodology/approach – Permaculture is a method of organic agriculture where the
garden design maintains a stable and productive ecosystem, mimicking natural processes and thereby
creating a more natural and sustainable environment. Organic permaculture food gardens were
established and integrated with the curriculum at two schools over the course of one year. A nutrition
study of dietary intake and assessment of dietary diversity score was undertaken with a sample of
68 children.
Findings – Permaculture food gardens can contribute to children’s physical, mental, and emotional
health and can be a resource for teachers and learners. To achieve sustainability, practical and cultural
challenges must be addressed.
Research limitations/implications – The project was implemented at only school sites, findings
may not be applicable to all schools in all settings. This assessment was conducted after one year of
implementation, impacts, and sustainability would be best assessed after three years. Conclusions
are therefore based both on this case study and on the wider literature.
Practical implications –When implementing a school food garden there must be long-term support
and mentoring for school staff.
Social implications – The value of a school food garden goes beyond the provision of nutrition and
addressing food insecurity. Participation in gardening can increase students’ interactions with the
natural world, and contribute to skills development, academic achievement, and well-being.
Originality/value – This paper informs discussion and practice related to school food gardens’
influence on holistic health and broader educational benefits. It is of relevance to health promotion and
education practitioners, school garden developers, and funders.
Keywords Health promotion, Education, Schools, Urban, Nutrition, Agriculture, Food, Gardens,Health promoting schools
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