e-journal
Discourses of delusion in demanding times
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how critical discourse analysis can help to
uncover the dominant discursive formations that underlie policy guidelines within education. Focusing
on the policy guidelines for career education and guidance in New Zealand, it illustrates how these
have been used by the state in an attempt to normalise ideological standpoints, shape “common-sense”
thinking and delimit the scope of practice.
Design/methodology/approach – Critical discourse analysis was employed as this approach helps
to uncover the hidden meanings, political imperatives and uneven workings of power/dominance and
oppression that are employed in/through textual representations.
Findings – Neoliberal discourse is infused throughout the policy guidelines for career education and
guidance in New Zealand, and demands that career advisers/teachers should produce entrepreneurial
and self-responsibilised global economic subjects.
Research limitations/implications – Although this paper is situated within a New Zealand
context, given the creeping influence of neoliberalism in many English-speaking states, the issues
identified have international relevance in relation to the kind of citizen career education is expected
to produce.
Originality/value – Much of the literature within the career arena adopts an uncritical, and
apolitical, stance, with the truth-claims made by neoliberal states tending to be positioned as
authoritative and inviolable. Drawing from critical theory, this paper contributes a social justice
perspective that looks beneath the surface of the seemingly benign and well-intentioned discourses
that permeate the guidelines for career education and guidance in New Zealand.
Keywords New Zealand, Secondary schools, Educational policy, Careers, Critical policy analysis,Contested “truths”, Career education, Neoliberalism, Social justice
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