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Carbon and nitrogen in a Ferralsol under zero-tillage rotations based on cover, cash or hay crops

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To identify crop rotation systems capable of sequestering C and N to 1 metre depth in a subtropical
Ferralsol of Southern Brazil managed under long-term zero-tillage (21 yrs), we evaluated six crop
sequences: wheat (Triticum aestivum)–soybean (Glycine max) [W-S], the baseline; oat (Avena strigosa,
as cover crop)–maize (Zea mays)–wheat–soybean [O-M-W-S]; vetch (Vicia villosa, as legume cover
crop)–maize–wheat–soybean [V-M-W-S]; vetch–maize–oat–soybean–wheat–soybean [V-M-O-S-W-S];
ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum, for hay)–maize–ryegrass–soybean [R-M-R-S]; and alfalfa (Medicago
sativa, for hay)–maize [A-M]. Compared to W-S and to 1 metre, the hay-based system of A-M
showed the largest C and N sequestration rates (0.50 and 0.06 Mg/ha/yr, respectively). Alfalfa, being
a perennial legume under cut-regrowth cycles, possibly added more C and N through roots. The other
hay system, R-M-R-S, also sequestered C efficiently (0.27 Mg/ha/yr), but not N (0.01 Mg/ha/yr). The
legume-based system of V-M-W-S sequestered significant amounts of both C (0.29 Mg/ha/yr) and N
(0.04 Mg/ha/yr). The grass-based system of O-M-W-S showed the lowest sequestration of C (0.09 Mg/
ha/yr). In all systems, a positive relationship (R2 = 0.71) occurred between estimated addition of root
C and soil C stock to 1 metre. Whenever C and N sequestration occurred, more than half of that
occurred below 20 cm depth. Results suggest that adoption of legume-based systems, perennially as
A-M or annually as V-M-W-S, is efficient for C and N sequestration in subtropical zero-tillage soils
and that roots possibly contribute more to that sequestration than aboveground biomass.

Keywords: C and N sequestration, subsoil, alfalfa, roots, Southern Brazil

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Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

Soil Use and Management

No. Panggil

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Penerbit

London : British Society of Soil Science., 2015

Deskripsi Fisik

Soil Use and Management, March 2015, 31, 1–9

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

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Klasifikasi

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Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

March 2015, 31, 1–9

Subjek

PERTANIAN.

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

agus

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