e-journal

Developmental anatomy of the airway

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Abstract
The airway develops from the primitive foregut at four weeks’ gestation. Congenital anomalies may result when this process is abnormal. The anatomy of the airway at birth is uniquely different from older children and adults with a large tongue, long floppy epiglottis, large occiput and cephalad larynx. These features affect the technique required for facemask ventilation, supraglottic airway use and endotracheal intubation. A neutral head position and straight bladed laryngoscope are usually
used for intubation. Neonates are also obligate nasal breathers and simultaneously suckle and breathe. Minute volume is rate-dependent and the highly compliant chest easily displays sternal and intercostal
recession during respiratory distress, and early onset of fatigue. From the neonatal period onwards the anatomy gradually begins to resemble that of adults. The cricoid descends caudally, the epiglottis becomes firmer and shorter, and the relatively large occiput recedes. The conventional wisdom of the cricoid ring being the narrowest part of the paediatric airway is not supported by contemporary investigation. The consequence of these findings on endotracheal tube selection and the rationale for increasing use of cuffed endotracheal tubes in children is discussed.

Keywords Airway; anaesthesia; anatomy; larynx; paediatric; trachea endotracheal tube

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Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

ANAESTHESIA AND INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE Volume 16:12 December 2015

No. Panggil

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Penerbit

: Elsevier Ltd., 2015

Deskripsi Fisik

ANAESTHESIA AND INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE Volume 16:12 December 2015

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

1472–0299

Klasifikasi

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Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

ANASTESI
ANATOMI

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

ETY

Versi lain/terkait

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