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e-journal

The organization and composition of body fluids

Abstract
The water contained in the body is divided amongst compartments of differing sizes and compositions. The dynamic balance across these compartments is an essential component of normal physiology. Here, the
calculation of these volumes by measuring the dilution of markers able to permeate specific compartments is considered. Furthermore, the potential disadvantages to the approach are discussed. The differences in ionic concentration between intracellular and extracellular fluid are quantified
and the effects of greater relative protein concentration within cells are also considered. To illustrate daily fluid balance in a healthy individual, a typical intake and output over 24 hours is quantified before consideration of iatrogenic contributions to this equilibrium. The way in which
clinically administered fluids of varying compositions affect the fluid compartments is subsequently discussed. The endogenous processes contributing to volume homeostasis are then deliberated including the detection of fluid imbalance through intracellular and extracellular systems as well as the hypothalamic and renal effector mechanisms. Finally, the regulation of sodium is discussed with examination of the mechanisms controlling natriuresis and the reciprocity with potassium balance.

Keywords Extracellular fluid; fluid balance; fluid compartments; intracellular fluid; ion composition; sodium homeostasis; volume homeostasis; volume of distribution

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Informasi Detail
Judul Seri
ANAESTHESIA AND INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE Volume 16:9 September 2015
No. Panggil
-
Penerbit
: Elsevier Ltd.,
Deskripsi Fisik
ANAESTHESIA AND INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE Volume 16:9 September 2015
Bahasa
English
ISBN/ISSN
1472–0299
Klasifikasi
-
Tipe Isi
-
Tipe Media
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Tipe Pembawa
-
Edisi
-
Subjek
ANASTESI
Info Detail Spesifik
-
Pernyataan Tanggungjawab
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Tidak tersedia versi lain

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