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Pharmaceutical calculations
The thirteenth edition of Pharmaceutical Calculations represents a thorough update of this textbook,
which for more than six decades has met the needs of students in this important subject
area. One of the most apparent changes in this edition is the inclusion of learning objectives
for each chapter. The intent is not only to define the purpose and direct the student’s focus but
also to provide a basis for self-assessment following completion. Another important addition,
appearing in the Introduction, presents a step-wise approach in solving calculations problems
that should prove beneficial to students toward understanding and building confidence.
Throughout its history, one of the distinguishing characteristics of this textbook has been
the inclusion of relevant background information to explain the pharmaceutical and/or clinical
purpose underpinning each type of calculation. This practice has been continued, with new
content in such areas as e-prescriptions; medication orders in nursing homes; hospice-care;
patient self-administration of analgesia; intravenous infusion rate calculations for the critical care
patient; patient conversions to alternative treatment plans; and other new and expanded areas.
Another traditional feature of this textbook has been the substantial use of examples and
practice problems. New problems have been added to reflect current drugs in use, including
products of biotechnology. For the first time, several problems are presented in multiple-choice
format to reflect the method of testing used in some academic programs and employed on
standardized examinations.
Several features that were introduced in the previous edition have been expanded, namely
‘‘Special Considerations,’’ used to point out the specific relevance of a type of calculation to a
pharmaceutics or clinical application; ‘‘Calculations Capsules,’’ which present boxed summaries
of the principle calculations in a chapter; and, ‘‘Case in Point,’’ which present practical case
studies requiring pharmaceutical calculations.
The author acknowledges the difficulty in arranging the sequence of chapters to suit the order
used within each academic program. However, an attempt has been made to present a logical
approach by placing the fundamentals of pharmaceutical calculations in the initial chapters,
followed by chapters having a clinical- or patient-care context, then chapters that address formulation
and compounding calculations, and, finally, chapters described by some reviewers as
meeting a ‘‘special interest.’’
The concluding section of review problems contains all of the types of problems presented
in the chapters and may be used both for review and for competency assessment. A new set of
problems titled ‘‘Physicians’ Medication Orders’’ is introduced.
Appendices include the common systems of measurement and intersystem conversion, select
graphical methods, and a glossary of pharmaceutical dosage forms and associated routes of
administration.
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