e-journal
Life After Business Failure: The Process and Consequences of Business Failure for Entrepreneurs
Where there is uncertainty, there is bound to be failure. It is not surprising, therefore, that many
new ventures fail. What happens to entrepreneurs when their business fails? People hear of
highly successful entrepreneurs extolling the virtues of failure as a valuable teacher. Yet the
aftermath of failure is often fraught with psychological, social, and financial turmoil. The purpose
of this article is to review research on life after business failure for entrepreneurs, from the
immediate aftermath through to recovery and re-emergence. First, the authors examine the financial,
social, and psychological costs of failure, highlighting factors that may influence the
magnitude of these costs (including individual responses to managing these costs). Second, they
review research that explains how entrepreneurs make sense of and learn from failure. Finally,
the authors present research on the outcomes of business failure, including recovery as well as
cognitive and behavioral outcomes. They develop a schema to organize extant work and use this
as a platform for developing an agenda for future research.
Keywords: entrepreneurs; business failure; costs of failure; emotions; learning; sensemaking
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