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Overall picture of an emerging neonatal infectious disease induced by a superantigenic exotoxin mainly produced by methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus

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Since 1992, many neonates in neonatal intensive care units in Japan have been developing fever and
systemic exanthema. Immunological analyses of neonates with these symptoms has revealed that the
bacterial superantigen, toxic shock syndrome toxin‐1 (TSST‐1) is the cause. The name neonatal TSS‐like
exanthematous disease (NTED) has been applied to this condition. The most striking clinical finding
has been that none of the term neonates have developed shock or died of NTED. The timing of NTED
epidemics has coincided with the spread of emerging TSST‐1‐producing methicillin‐resistant
Staphylococcus aureus clones in Japan. The low frequency of pregnant women with positive anti‐
TSST‐1 antibody titers could be one reason for the spread of NTED in Japan. Neonates have immune
tolerance against TSST‐1 and may actively suppress the immune response to NTEDwith interleukin‐10.
According to the T cell responses in infants or young children with diseases induced by TSST‐1, the
pathophysiology of TSST‐1‐related diseases may be age‐dependent. The precise mechanism of anergy
and deletion of specific T cells stimulated with TSST‐1 should be investigated in neonates infected with
NTED. Both NTED and TSS might provide good models for analyzing the mechanism(s) of neonatal
immune tolerance and the age‐dependence of human immunity. This disease has not only become
representative of diseases caused by superantigens, but has also yielded a considerable amount of
evidence about human immune reactions against superantigens.

Key words clinical immunology, infection immunity, pathogenesis, toxin.

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Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

Microbiol Immunol

No. Panggil

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Penerbit

: The Societies and Wiley Publishing Asia., 2013

Deskripsi Fisik

Microbiol Immunol 2013; 57: 737–745 doi: 10.1111/1348-0421.12094

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

doi: 10.1111/1348-04

Klasifikasi

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Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

2013; 57

Subjek

KESEHATAN

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

Wati/Agus

Versi lain/terkait

Lampiran Berkas

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