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Suspension geometry and computation
The motor car is over one hundred years old. The suspension is an important part of its design, and there
have been many research papers and several books on the topic. However, suspension analysis and design
are so complex and bring together so many fields of study that they seem inexhaustible. Certainly, the
number of different suspension designs that have been used over the years is considerable, and each one
was right for a particular vehicle in that designer’s opinion. This breadth of the field, at least, is a
justification for another book. It is not that the existing ones are not good, but that new perspectives are
possible, and often valuable, and there are new things to say. Here, the focus is on the most fundamental
aspect of all, the geometry of the road, the vehicle and the suspension, the basic measurement which is the
foundation of all subsequent dynamic analysis.
The process of modern engineering has been deeply affected by the computer, not always for the better
because analytical solutions may be neglected with loss of insight to the problem. In this case the solution
of complex three-dimensional geometrical problems is greatly facilitated by true coordinate geometry
solutions or by iteration, methods which are discussed here in some detail.
In principle, geometry is not really conceptually difficult. Wrestling with actual problems shows
otherwise. Analytical geometry, particularly on the computer with its many digits of precision,
mercilessly shows up any approximations and errors, and, surprisingly, often reveals incomplete
understanding of deep principles.
New material presented in detail here includes relationships between bump, heave and roll coefficients, detailed analysis of linear and non-linear bump steer, design methods for determining wishbone arm lengths and angles, methods of two-dimensional and three-dimensional solutions of suspension-related geometry, and details of numerical iterative methods applied to three-dimensional suspensions, with examples.
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