Climate change in the oceans: evolutionary versus phenotypically plastic responses of marine animals and plants

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Climate change in the oceans: evolutionary versus phenotypically plastic responses of marine animals and plants

Thorsten B. H. Reusch - Nama Orang;

I summarize marine studies on plastic versus adaptive responses to global change. Due to the lack of time series, this review focuses largely on the potential for adaptive evolution in marine animals and plants. The approaches were mainly synchronic comparisons of phenotypically divergent populations, substituting spatial contrasts in temperature or CO2 environments for temporal changes, or in assessments of adaptive genetic diversity within populations for traits important under global change. The available literature is biased towards gastropods,
crustaceans, cnidarians and macroalgae. Focal traits were mostly environmental tolerances, which correspond to phenotypic buffering, a plasticity type that maintains a functional phenotype despite external disturbance. Almost all studies address coastal species that are already today exposed to fluctuations in temperature,pH and oxygen levels. Recommendations for future research include (i) initiation and analyses of observational and experimental temporal studies encompassing diverse phenotypic traits (including diapausing cues, dispersal traits, reproductive timing, morphology) (ii) quantification of nongenetic transgenerational effects along with components of additive genetic variance (iii) adaptive changes in microbe–host associations under the holobiont model in response to global change (iv) evolution of plasticity patterns under increasingly fluctuating environments and extreme conditions and (v) joint consideration of demography and evolutionary adaptation in evolutionary rescue approaches.

Keywords
adaptation, genetic diversity, ocean acidification, ocean warming, phenotypic buffering, physiological tolerance, selection

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Informasi Detail

Judul Seri: Evolutionary Applications
No. Panggil: -
Penerbit: : The Authors., 2014
Deskripsi Fisik: Evolutionary Applications 7 (2014) 104–122
Bahasa: English
ISBN/ISSN: doi:10.1111/eva.1210
Klasifikasi: -
Tipe Isi: -
Tipe Media: -
Tipe Pembawa: -
Edisi: -
Subjek: Agriculture
Info Detail Spesifik: -
Pernyataan Tanggungjawab: Wati/Agus

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FULL TEXT:Climate change in the oceans: evolutionary versus phenotypically plastic responses of marine animals and plants

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