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Geoenvironmental engineering: contaminated soils, pollutant fate and mitigation
The treatment of contaminated land to eliminate or reduce the presence of
pollutants in the contaminated site has received (and will continue to receive)
considerable attention from the practicing profession. Extensive research and development
are still underway in respect to the delivery of more effective (and economic)
means for site decontamination. The ongoing results can be seen in the availability
of new and innovative techniques for complete or partial removal of pollutants, fixing
pollutants within the soil substrate such that these remain immobile (forever?),
reducing the toxicity of those pollutants in place, and a whole host of other schemes —
all designed to eliminate or reduce the threat to human health and the environment
posed by the pollutants. These constitute very important subjects that are being
discussed and published by those professionals dealing with technology for site
remediation. In this book, we are concerned with the development of a better
understanding of the many basic issues that surround the control of pollutant fate
in contaminated sites.
In the continuing effort to improve our understanding and appreciation of the
various bonding and partitioning processes between pollutants and soil fractions, it
has become increasingly clear that the processes that control the fate of pollutants
should be taken into account if we are to structure effective remediation programs.
The intent of this book is to provide the groundwork for a keener appreciation of
some of the key factors that need to be considered when we seek to determine the
fate of pollutants in soils. No attempt is made to provide all the detailed substantive
data and results. Instead, the material presented is designed to remind the reader of
the various factors, interactions, and mechanisms deemed to be important in the
bonding and partitioning processes. As such, the treatment given in the first three
chapters seeks to address the nature of soil and the soil-water system — after first
examining the problems associated with contaminated lands.
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