e-journal
Democratic and participatory citizenship: youth action for sustainability in Australia
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to provide a critical analysis of recent examples of action
competence among young people engaged in democratic participatory action in sustainability
programs in Australia. It explores examples of priorities identified for citizen action, the forms this
action takes and the ways that democratic participation can achieve positive outcomes for future
sustainability. It suggests multiple ways for developing action competence that provides further
opportunities for authentic and engaging citizen action for youth connected to school- and communitybased
learning, in new and powerful ways.
Design/methodology/approach – This conceptual paper examines international literature on the
theory of “action competence,” its significance for education for sustainability (EfS) and the ways it can
inform education for young people’s democratic participatory citizenship and civic engagement.
It analyses examples of the development of action competency among young people in Australia,
including the problems and priorities identified for citizen action, the forms this action takes and how it
can achieve positive outcomes for sustainability. Following this analysis, the paper suggests multiple
ways for developing action competence in EfS in schools and communities in new and powerful ways.
Findings – Developing EfS to increase democratic and participatory action among young citizens is
now widely regarded as an urgent education priority. There are growing exemplars of school and
community organizations’ involvement in developing EfS learning and teaching to increase
participatory citizenship. Young people are being empowered to develop a greater sense of agency
through involvement in programs that develop action competence with a focus on sustainability in and
out of school. New forms of participation include student action teams and peer collaboration among
youth who are marshaling social media and direction action to achieve change.
Originality/value – It contributes to the literature on multiple ways for developing action
competence in EfS.
Keywords: Climate change, Sustainability, Education for sustainability, Action competence, Civics and citizenship, Participatory action
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