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Service life estimation and extension of civil engineering structures

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The infrastructure of constructed facilities for the transportation and
housing of people, goods, and services, which grew exponentially over the
latter half of the last century is rapidly approaching a critical period, with
increasing signs of deterioration and reduced functionality. Defi ciencies in
the existing bridge inventory, for example, range from those related to wear,
environmental deterioration, and aging of structural components, to
increased traffi c demands and changing patterns, and from insuffi cient
detailing at the time of construction/original design, and the use of substandard
materials in initial construction, to inadequate maintenance and rehabilitation
measures taken through the life of the structure. These defi ciencies
are not isolated to just bridge and other transportation-related structures
alone, but are endemic to the built environment, ranging from residential
housing and industrial/commercial structures to pipelines used for the distribution
of water and sewage. In addition, explosive growth of populations
in urban areas across the globe has resulted in substantially increased needs
for services, putting severe stress on the existing life-lines and often resulting
in their use at levels greatly over those for which they were designed.
This, again, results in a decrease in functional life expectancy and the need
for expansion, either through rebuilding or through rehabilitation.

While engineers and the owners of structural systems often talk in terms
of service life, the term is, in itself, ill defi ned. While it is a critical consideration
in design and planning, it is simultaneously a somewhat nebulous
consideration in the overall management system in that there is unlikely to
be a specifi c end date planned for the structure – rather it is expected that
maintenance, albeit on an irregular schedule, will result in continuous extension
of useful life, at least to the point when the structure is either demolished
due to a complete change in needs for that area (such as with changes
in functionality of buildings) or replaced with a newer structure (such as in
the case of bridges with more lanes or higher load capacity). Although
service life is often defi ned in terms of deterioration rates, and time to
structural or functional defi ciency, it is also affected by methods of assessment
of assets in the inventory. In most cases the assessment is not single
functioned but is based on trade-offs between aspects related to cost, risk,
and convenience. The schema is further complicated by the knowledge that
most civil structures are built with extremely high factors of safety and
redundancy; hence, benign neglect will not cause catastrophic failure immediately,
resulting in needed maintenance actions being deferred. Until
recently, there was also very little attention paid to the fi nancial aspects
accruing from functional defi ciency, such as due to congestion resulting
from bridges with posted speed limits or lower than the required number
of lanes, thereby not emphasizing the economic effects of such defi ciencies
on society.

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Informasi Detail

Judul Seri

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No. Panggil

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Penerbit

Cambridge : Woodhead Publishing Limited., 2011

Deskripsi Fisik

xiv, 301 Hlm.

Bahasa

English

ISBN/ISSN

978-0-85709-092-8

Klasifikasi

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Tipe Isi

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Tipe Media

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Tipe Pembawa

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Edisi

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Subjek

TEKNIK SIPIL

Info Detail Spesifik

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Pernyataan Tanggungjawab

agus

Versi lain/terkait

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