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A longphotoperiodrelaxesenergymanagementin Arabidopsis leaf six
Plants adapt to the prevailing photoperiod by adjustinggrowthandfloweringtotheavailabilityofenergy.
To understand the molecul archanges involved in adaptation to along-dayconditionwecomprehensively profiled leaf six at the end of the day and theend of the night at four development al stages on Arabidopsis thaliana plants grownin a 16 hphotoperiod,andcompared the profilest othose from leaf 6of plants grown ina8hphotoperiod.When Arabidopsis is growninalong-day photoperiod individual leaf growth
is accelerated butwhol eplant leaf are a isdecreased because total number of rosette leaves is restricted
by the rapidtransition to flowering.Carbohydratemeasurementsinlong-andshort-dayphotoperiods
revealed thatalongphotoperioddecreasestheextentofdiurnalturnoverofcarbonreservesatallleaf
stages. Atthetranscriptlevelwefoundthatthelong-dayconditionhassignificantlyreduceddiurnaltran-
script levelchangesthaninshort-daycondition,andthatsometranscriptsshifttheirdiurnalexpression
pattern. Functionalcategorisationofthetranscriptswithsignificantlydifferentlevelsinshortandlong
day conditionsrevealedphotoperiod-dependentdifferencesinRNAprocessingandlightandhormone
signalling, increasedabundanceoftranscriptsforbioticstressresponseandflavonoidmetabolisminlong
photoperiods, andforphotosynthesisandsugartransportinshortphotoperiods.Furthermore,wefound
transcript levelchangesconsistentwithanearlyreleaseoffloweringrepressioninthelong-daycondi-
tion. Differencesinproteinlevelsbetweenlongandshortphotoperiodsmainlyreflectanadjustmentto
the fastergrowthinlongphotoperiods.Insummary,theobserveddifferencesinthemolecularprofilesof
leaf sixgrowninlong-andshort-dayphotoperiodsrevealchangesintheregulationofmetabolismthat
allow plantstoadjusttheirmetabolismtotheavailablelight.Thedataalsosuggestthatenergymanage-
ment isin the twophotoperiodsfundamentallydifferentasaconsequenceofphotoperiod-dependent
energy constraints.
Keywords:
Photoperiod Arabidopsis thaliana Leaf growth Proteomics iTRAQ Transcriptomics Tiling array Phenotyping
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