Ditapis dengan
Insights into a hydration regulating system in Cupressus pollen grains
Background and Aims Hydration, rupture and exine opening due to the sudden and large expansion of intine are typical of taxoid-type pollen grains. A hemispheric outgrowth external to the exine was observed on Cupressus and Juniperus pollen grains before the intine swelling and exine release. However, the actual existence of this permanent or temporary structure and its precise role in pollen hy…
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- Deskripsi Fisik
- Annals of Botany 108: 299–306, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
- No. Panggil
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Insights from ANA-grade angiosperms into the early evolution of CUP-SHAPED CO…
Background and Aims The closely related NAC family genes NO APICAL MERISTEM (NAM) and CUPSHAPED COTYLEDON3 (CUC3) regulate the formation of boundaries within and between plant organs. NAM is post-transcriptionally regulated by miR164, whereas CUC3 is not. To gain insight into the evolution of NAM and CUC3 in the angiosperms, we analysed orthologous genes in early-diverging ANA-grade angiospe…
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- Annals of Botany 107: 1511–1519, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
- No. Panggil
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Initiation of DNA replication: functional and evolutionary aspects
Background The initiation of DNA replication is a very important and highly regulated step in the cell division cycle. It is of interest to compare different groups of eukaryotic organisms (a) to identify the essential molecular events that occur in all eukaryotes, (b) to start to identify higher-level regulatory mechanisms that are specific to particular groups and (c) to gain insights into th…
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- Annals of Botany 107: 1119–1126, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Impacts of long-term enhanced UV-B radiation on bryophytes in two sub-Arctic …
Background and Aims Anthropogenic depletion of stratospheric ozone in Arctic latitudes has resulted in an increase of ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) reaching the biosphere. UV-B exposure is known to reduce aboveground biomass and plant height, to increase DNA damage and cause accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds in polar plants. However, many studies on Arctic mosses tended to be inconclusive…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 557–565, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Identification and characterization of TcCRP1, a pollen tube attractant from …
Background and Aims During sexual reproduction in higher angiosperms, the pollen tubes are directed to the ovules in the pistil to deliver sperm cells. This pollen tube attraction is highly species specific, and a group of small secreted proteins, TfCRPs, are necessary for this process in Torenia fournieri. Methods A candidate pollen tube attractant protein in Torenia concolor, a related spec…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 739–747, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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How plant architecture affects light absorption and photosynthesis in tomato:…
Background and Aims Manipulation of plant structure can strongly affect light distribution in the canopy and photosynthesis. The aim of this paper is to find a plant ideotype for optimization of light absorption and canopy photosynthesis. Using a static functional structural plant model (FSPM), a range of different plant architectural characteristics was tested for two different seasons in orde…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 1065–1073, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
- No. Panggil
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How good is the turbid medium-based approach for accounting for light partiti…
Background and Aims Most studies dealing with light partitioning in intercropping systems have used statistical models based on the turbid medium approach, thus assuming homogeneous canopies. However, these models could not be directly validated although spatial heterogeneities could arise in such canopies. The aim of the present study was to assess the ability of the turbid medium approach to …
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- Annals of Botany 108: 1013–1024, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
- No. Panggil
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Homoeologous chromosome pairing between the A and B genomes of Musa spp. reve…
Background and Aims Most cooking banana and several desert bananas are interspecific triploid hybrids between Musa acuminata (A genome) and Musa balbisiana (B genome). In addition, M. balbisiana has agronomical characteristics such as resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses that could be useful to improve monospecific acuminata cultivars. To develop efficient breeding strategies for improvin…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 975–981, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
- No. Panggil
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Histone octamer trans-transfer: a signature mechanism of ATP-dependent chroma…
Background and Scope In eukaryotes, chromatin remodelling complexes are shown to be responsible for nucleosome mobility, leading to increased accessibility of DNA for DNA binding proteins. Although the existence of such complexes in plants has been surmised mainly at the genetic level from bioinformatics studies and analysis of mutants, the biochemical existence of such complexes has remained …
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- Annals of Botany 108: 1235–1246, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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High-resolution proxies for wood density variations in Terminalia superba
Background and Aims Density is a crucial variable in forest and wood science and is evaluated by a multitude of methods. Direct gravimetric methods are mostly destructive and time-consuming. Therefore, faster and semito non-destructive indirect methods have been developed. Methods Profiles of wood density variations with a resolution of approx. 50 mm were derived from one-dimensional resistanc…
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- Annals of Botany 107: 293–302, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
- No. Panggil
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High time for a roll call: gene duplication and phylogenetic relationships of…
Background and Aims The TCP family is an ancient group of plant developmental transcription factors that regulate cell division in vegetative and reproductive structures and are essential in the establishment of flower zygomorphy. In-depth research on eudicot TCPs has documented their evolutionary and developmental role. This has not happened to the same extent in monocots, although zygomorph…
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- Annals of Botany 107: 1533–1544, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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High clonal diversity in threatened peripheral populations of the yellow bird…
Background and Aims Peripheral populations of plant species are often characterized by low levels of genetic diversity as a result of genetic drift, restricted gene flow, inbreeding and asexual reproduction. These effects can be exacerbated where range-edge populations are fragmented. The main aim of the present study was to assess the levels of genetic diversity in remnant populations of Hypop…
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- Annals of Botany 107: 663–670, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Growth and posture control strategies in Fagus sylvatica and Acer pseudoplata…
Background and Aims Forest tree saplings that grow in the understorey undergo frequent changes in their light environment to which they must adapt to ensure their survival and growth. Crown architecture, which plays a critical role in light capture and mechanical stability, is a major component of sapling adaptation to canopy disturbance. Shade-adapted saplings typically have plagiotropic stem…
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- Annals of Botany 107: 1345–1353, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Germination traits explain soil seed persistence across species: the case of …
Background and Aims Seed persistence in the soil under field conditions is an important issue for the maintenance of local plant populations and the restoration of plant communities, increasingly so in the light of rapidly changing land use and climate change. Whereas processes important for dispersal in space are well known, knowledge of processes governing dispersal in time is still limited. …
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- Annals of Botany 107: 415–426, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Geographical ecology of the palms (Arecaceae): determinants of diversity and …
Background The palm family occurs in all tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. Palms are of high ecological and economical importance, and display complex spatial patterns of species distributions and diversity. Scope This review summarizes empirical evidence for factors that determine palm species distributions, community composition and species richness such as the abiotic environm…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 1391–1416, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Genotypic differences in Al resistance and the role of cell-wall pectin in Al…
Background and Aims Aluminium (Al) toxicity is one of the factors limiting crop production on acid soils. However, genotypic differences exist among plant species or cultivars in response to Al toxicity. This study aims to investigate genotypic differences among eight cultivars of tatary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) for Al resistance and explore the possible mechanisms of Al resistance. Me…
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- Annals of Botany 107: 371–378, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Functional traits and root morphology of alpine plants
Background and Aims Vegetation has long been recognized to protect the soil from erosion. Understanding species differences in root morphology and functional traits is an important step to assess which species and species mixtures may provide erosion control. Furthermore, extending classification of plant functional types towards root traits may be a useful procedure in understanding important…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 537–545, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Functional implications of the staminal lever mechanism in Salvia cyclostegia…
Background and Aims Flower morphology and inflorescence architecture affect pollinator foraging behaviour and thereby influence the process of pollination and the reproductive success of plants. This study explored possible ecological functions of the lever-like stamens and the floral design in Salvia cyclostegia. Methods Flower construction was experimentally manipulated by removing either t…
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- Annals of Botany 107: 621–628, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Function and evolution of sterile sex organs in cryptically dioecious Petasit…
Background and Aims Why are sterile anthers and carpels retained in some flowering plants, given their likely costs? To address this question, a cryptically dioecious species, Petasites tricholobus, in which male and female plants each have two floret types that appear pistillate and hermaphroditic, was studied. The aim was to understand the function of sterile hermaphroditic florets in females…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 65–71, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Fruit regulates seasonal expression of flowering genes in alternate-bearing �…
Background and Aims The presence of fruit has been widely reported to act as an inhibitor of flowering in fruit trees. This study is an investigation into the effect of fruit load on flowering of ‘Moncada’ mandarin and on the expression of putative orthologues of genes involved in flowering pathways to provide insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying alternate bearing in citrus. Me…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 511–519, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Foliage nitrogen turnover: differences among nitrogen absorbed at different t…
Background and Aims Nitrogen turnover within plants has been intensively studied to better understand nitrogen use strategies. However, differences among the nitrogen absorbed at different times are not completely understood and the fate of nitrogen absorbed during winter is largely uncharacterized. In the present study, nitrogen absorbed at different times of the year (growing season, winter a…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 169–175, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Flower power: its association with bee power and floral functional morphology…
Background and Aims A test was made of the hypothesis that papilionate legume flowers filter pollinators according to their ability to exert strength to open flowers to access rewards. In addition, interactions with pollen vectors were expected to explain the structural complexity of the architecture of these flowers since operative flower strength may be determined by a combination of morphol…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 919–931, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Flow cytometry confirms reticulate evolution and reveals triploidy in Central…
Background and Aims Interspecific Diphasiastrum hybrids have been assumed to be homoploid and to produce well-formed spores serving sexual reproduction. If this were the case, forms intermediate between hybrids and parents or hybrid swarms should be expected. The purpose of this study was: (1) to check whether homoploidy consistently applies to the three hybrids throughout their Central Europe…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 867–876, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Floral heteromorphy in Primula vulgaris: progress towards isolation and chara…
Background The common primrose, Primula vulgaris, along with many other species of the Primulaceae, exhibits floral heteromorphy in which different individuals develop one of two possible forms of flower, known as pin and thrum. Both flower types are hermaphrodite and exhibit reciprocal positions of male and female reproductive structures, which together with a sporophytic incompatibility syste…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 715–726, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Floral dimorphism in plant populations with combined versus separate sexes
Background and Aims Dimorphism among floral traits can evolve through variation in selection intensity between female and male performance, especially when sex functions are separated between flowers on a plant (monoecy), or between individuals (dioecy). In animal-pollinated species, male floral traits are predicted to be larger because competition for pollinators should favour larger display…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 765–776, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Floral development and floral phyllotaxis in Anaxagorea (Annonaceae)
Background and Aims Anaxagorea is the phylogenetically basalmost genus in the large tropical Annonaceae (custard apple family) of Magnoliales, but its floral structure is unknown in many respects. The aim of this study is to analyse evolutionarily interesting floral features in comparison with other genera of the Annonaceae and the sister family Eupomatiaceae. Methods Live flowers of Anaxago…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 835–845, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Floral closure induced by pollination in gynodioecious Cyananthus delavayi (C…
Background and aims Pollination-induced floral changes, which have been widely documented in flowering plants, have been assumed to enhance the plant’s reproductive success. However, our understanding of the causes and consequences of these changes is still limited. Using an alpine gynodioecious species, Cyananthus delavayi, we investigated the factors affecting floral closure and estimated…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 1257–1268, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Flavonols: old compounds for old roles
Background New roles for flavonoids, as developmental regulators and/or signalling molecules, have recently been proposed in eukaryotic cells exposed to a wide range of environmental stimuli. In plants, these functions are actually restricted to flavonols, the ancient and widespread class of flavonoids. In mosses and liverworts, the whole set of genes for flavonol biosynthesis – CHS, CHI, F3H…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 1225–1233, 2011
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- Annals of Botany
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Five vicarious genera from Gondwana: the Velloziaceae as shown by molecules a…
Background and Aims The amount of data collected previously for Velloziaceae neither clarified relationships within the family nor helped determine an appropriate classification, which has led to huge discordance among treatment by different authors. To achieve an acceptable phylogenetic result and understand the evolution and roles of characters in supporting groups, a total evidence analysis …
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- Annals of Botany 108: 87–102, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Factors responsible for deep-sowing tolerance in wheat seedlings: varietal di…
Background and Aims A wheat cultivar, Triticum aestivum ‘Hong Mang Mai’, shows tolerance to deep-sowing conditions by extreme elongation of the first internode, likely mediated by the gibberellin (GA) response. To understand factors involved in the response of this deep-sowing-tolerant cultivar, cell expansion and division that confer elongation on the first internodes of wheat seedlings w…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 439–447, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Expression of floral identity genes in Clianthus maximus during mass inflores…
Background and Aims Clianthus maximus is a leguminous perennial with an unusual order of floral organ insertion, and inflorescences produced year round that nearly all abort except during a limited time in autumn. This study aimed to determine at what point in floral organ differentiation abortion occurred and whether the expression of the floral identity genes underlies this cessation in flowe…
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- Deskripsi Fisik
- Annals of Botany 107: 1501–1509, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Exploring the spatial distribution of light interception and photosynthesis o…
Background and Aims At present most process-based models and the majority of three-dimensional models include simplifications of plant architecture that can compromise the accuracy of light interception simulations and, accordingly, canopy photosynthesis. The aim of this paper is to analyse canopy heterogeneity of an explicitly described tomato canopy in relation to temporal dynamics of horizo…
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- Annals of Botany 107: 875–883, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Experimental growing of wild pea in Israel and its bearing on Near Eastern pl…
Background and Aims The wild progenitors of the Near Eastern legumes have low germination rates mediated by hardseededness. Hence it was argued that cultivation of these wild legumes would probably result in no yield gain. Based on the meagre natural yield of wild lentil and its poor germination, it was suggested that wild Near Eastern grain legumes were unlikely to have been adopted for culti…
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- Annals of Botany 107: 1399–1404, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Evolutionary diversification and geographical isolation in Dubautia laxa (Ast…
Background and Aims The Hawaiian silversword alliance (Asteraceae) is one the best examples of a plant adaptive radiation, exhibiting extensive morphological and ecological diversity. No research within this group has addressed the role of geographical isolation, independent of ecological adaptation, in contributing to taxonomic diversity. The aims of this study were to examine genetic differen…
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- Annals of Botany 107: 357–370, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Evolution of oil-producing trichomes in Sisyrinchium (Iridaceae): insights fr…
Background and Aims Sisyrinchium (Iridaceae: Iridoideae: Sisyrinchieae) is one of the largest, most widespread and most taxonomically complex genera in Iridaceae, with all species except one native to the American continent. Phylogenetic relationships within the genus were investigated and the evolution of oil-producing structures related to specialized oil-bee pollination examined. Methods P…
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- Annals of Botany 107: 1287–1312, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Evidence for progenitor–derivative speciation in sexually deceptive orchids
Background and Aims Sexually deceptive orchids of the genus Ophrys use mimicry of pollinator females to attract specific pollinators. Pollinator shifts may drive speciation in Ophrys, since novel pollinators may in principle act as isolating factors immediately. It is thus possible that evolution of novel species occurs rapidly and with a progenitor–derivative pattern. The aims of this study…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 895–906, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Epigenetic imbalance and the floral developmental abnormality of the in vitro…
Background The large-scale clonal propagation of oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is being stalled by the occurrence of the mantled somaclonal variation. Indeed, this abnormality which presents a homeotic-like conversion of male floral organs into carpelloid structures, hampers oil production since the supernumerary female organs are either sterile or produce fruits with poor oil yields. Scope In …
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- Annals of Botany 108: 1453–1462, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Environmental regulation of sex determination in oil palm: current knowledge …
Background The African oil palm (Elaeis guineensis) is a monoecious species of the palm subfamily Arecoideae. It may be qualified as ‘temporally dioecious’ in that it produces functionally unisexual male and female inflorescences in an alternating cycle on the same plant, resulting in an allogamous mode of reproduction. The ‘sex ratio’ of an oil palm stand is influenced by both geneti…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 1529–1537, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Endozoochory by beetles: a novel seed dispersal mechanism
Background and Aims Due in part to biophysical sized-related constraints, insects unlike vertebrates are seldom expected to act as primary seed dispersers via ingestion of fruits and seeds (endozoochory). The Mediterranean parasitic plant Cytinus hypocistis, however, possesses some characteristics that may facilitate endozoochory by beetles. By combining a long-term field study with experimenta…
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- Annals of Botany 107: 629–637, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Elucidating the functional role of endoreduplication in tomato fruit development
Background Endoreduplication is the major source of endopolyploidy in higher plants. The process of endoreduplication results from the ability of cells to modify their classical cell cycle into a partial cell cycle where DNA synthesis occurs independently from mitosis. Despite the ubiquitous occurrence of the phenomenon in eukaryotic cells, the physiological meaning of endoreduplication remains…
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- Annals of Botany 107: 1159–1169, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Effects of light quality on leaf morphogenesis of a heterophyllous amphibious…
Background and Aims For heterophyllous amphibious plants that experience fluctuating water levels, it is critical to control leaf development precisely in response to environmental cues that can serve as a quantitative index of water depth. Light quality can serve as such a cue because the ratio of red light relative to far-red light (R/FR) increases and blue-light intensity decreases with incr…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 1299–1306, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Effect of mechanical perturbation on the biomechanics, primary growth and sec…
Background and Aims Mechanical perturbation is known to inhibit elongation of the inflorescence stem of Arabidopsis thaliana. The phenomenon has been reported widely for both herbaceous and woody plants, and has implications for how plants adjust their size and form to survive in mechanically perturbed environments. While this response is an important aspect of the plant’s architecture, lit…
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- Annals of Botany 107: 209–218, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Eco-geographically divergent diploids, Caucasian clover (Trifolium ambiguum) …
Background and Aims DNA sequence similarities and hybridization patterns in Trifolium (clovers) section Trifoliastrum suggest that rapid radiation from a common ancestral source led to this complex of diverse species distributed across Europe, western Asia and North Africa. Two of the most geographically and ecologically divergent of these species are the rhizomatous T. ambiguum from high alt…
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- Deskripsi Fisik
- Annals of Botany 108: 1269–1277, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Early response mechanisms of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) to phosphoru…
Background and Aims Improving phosphorus (P) nutrient efficiency in Lolium perenne (perennial ryegrass) is likely to result in considerable economic and ecological benefits. To date, research into the molecular and biochemical response of perennial ryegrass to P deficiency has been limited, particularly in relation to the early response mechanisms. This study aimed to identify molecular mechan…
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- Annals of Botany 107: 243–254, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Dynamics of polyploid formation and establishment in the allotetraploid rock …
Background and Aims Successful establishment of newly formed polyploid species depends on several interlinked genetic and ecological factors. These include genetic diversity within and among individuals, chromosome behaviour and fertility, novel phenotypes resulting from novel genomic make-up and expression, intercytotypic and interspecific competition, and adaptation to distinct habitats. T…
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- Annals of Botany 108: 143–157, 2011
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- Annals of Botany
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Dynamic thermal time model of cold hardiness for dormant grapevine buds
Background and Aims Grapevine (Vitis spp.) cold hardiness varies dynamically throughout the dormant season, primarily in response to changes in temperature. The development and possible uses of a discrete-dynamic model of bud cold hardiness for three Vitis genotypes are described. Methods Iterative methods were used to optimize and evaluate model parameters by minimizing the root mean square …
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- Annals of Botany 107: 389–396, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Dry matter partitioning models for the simulation of individual fruit growth …
Background and Aims Growth imbalances between individual fruits are common in indeterminate plants such as cucumber (Cucumis sativus). In this species, these imbalances can be related to differences in two growth characteristics, fruit growth duration until reaching a given size and fruit abortion. Both are related to distribution, and environmental factors as well as canopy architecture play …
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- Deskripsi Fisik
- Annals of Botany 108: 1075–1084, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
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Does the silver moss Bryum argenteum exhibit sex-specific patterns in vegetat…
Background and Aims Expected life history trade-offs associated with sex differences in reproductive investment are often undetected in seed plants, with the difficulty arising from logistical issues of conducting controlled experiments. By controlling genotype, age and resource status of individuals, a bryophyte was assessed for sexspecific and location-specific patterns of vegetative, asexual…
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- Deskripsi Fisik
- Annals of Botany 107: 897–907, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
- No. Panggil
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DNA barcoding: a new tool for palm taxonomists?
Background and Aims In the last decade, a new tool – DNA barcoding – was proposed to identify species. The technique of DNA barcoding is still being developed. The Consortium for the Barcode of Life’s Plant Working Group (CBOL-PWG) selected two core markers (matK and rbcL) that now must be tested in as many taxa as possible. Although the taxonomy of palms (Arecaceae/Palmae) has been grea…
- Edisi
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- ISBN/ISSN
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- Deskripsi Fisik
- Annals of Botany 108: 1445–1451, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
- No. Panggil
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Diversity in forms of C4 in the genus Cleome (Cleomaceae)
Background and Aims Cleomaceae is one of 19 angiosperm families in which C4 photosynthesis has been reported. The aim of the study was to determine the type, and diversity, of structural and functional forms of C4 in genus Cleome. Methods Plants of Cleome species were grown from seeds, and leaves were subjected to carbon isotope analysis, light and scanning electron microscopy, western blot a…
- Edisi
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- ISBN/ISSN
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- Deskripsi Fisik
- Annals of Botany 107: 269–283, 2011
- Judul Seri
- Annals of Botany
- No. Panggil
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Karya Umum 
Filsafat 
Agama 
Ilmu-ilmu Sosial 
Bahasa 
Ilmu-ilmu Murni 
Ilmu-ilmu Terapan 
Kesenian, Hiburan, dan Olahraga 
Kesusastraan 
Geografi dan Sejarah