Tuberose is one of the most popular flower plants due to the very beautiful port and fragrant flowers. But technology culture is pretty difficult. The plant has large front demanding climatic factors both during the growing season and during the rest period. Our research has followed the evolution of bulbs during the rest period, both in terms of macroscopic and microscopic point of view. Bulbs…
High density plantations, due to the fact that trees have lower heights, present advantages related to the yield of manual works,but lighting conditions are not always sufficient to ensure a proper synthesis of the organic matter. In order to observe the ongoing of the physiological processes within high density plantations, measurements were made for 8 peach varieties, and the results showed d…
The objective of this study was to evaluate the quantity of some phenolic compounds and free radical scavenging activity of strawberries (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.) during storage period at different temperatures. Freshly harvested of three strawberry cultivars fruits (‘San Andreas’, ‘Benicia’ and ‘Albion’) were placed in polyethylene bags and kept in refrigerated (4°C) and frozen …
Fruit quality of apples is influenced by the metaxenic pollen effect of the pollinators. At RIFG Pitesti, the flowers of two scab resistant cultivars ('Topaz' and 'Dalinette') were hand pollinated with other apple cultivars: one scab resistant ('Priam') and two scab susceptible ('Golden Delicious' and 'Idared'). Morphological parameters of fruit (diameter, weight, seed number, skin colour) and …
In this study carried out, the nutritional profile of 19 peach cultivars and hybrids from west side of Romania in terms of selected amino acids, macro and microelements content. Amino acids (arginine, lysine, alanine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, serine and glycine) were detected and quantified using DIONEX ICS-3000 system, while the macroelements (K, Ca, Mg) and microelements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn) were…
The amount of light that reaches the leaves is essential in order to ensure a proper synthesis of organic matter at leaf level. When efficiently capitalizing the soil from protected areas, the plant management system for cucumbers cultivated in solariums have to be take into consideration, in respecti with the degree of self-shading and the amount of light received at the leaves level. The rese…
The kiwifruit or Chinese gooseberry represents an important horticultural crop in New Zealand, Italy, and China and nowadays, there are concerns regarding this culture in Romania, for instance the mild microclimates where peach, apricot and almond trees grow. The interest for this culture increased worldwide with consumer acceptance of kiwifruit, having in view health benefits associated with …
Researches were focused on several local varieties of wine grapes from Timis and Arad Counties. These were compared with control varieties known for their properties and qualities (Cabernet Sauvignon, Riesling Italian). Were analyzed a range of agro biological and technological indices, indexes of production quality, resistance to frost in winter. For interpreting and accuracy of results, mathe…
The pomolgical values of three Romanian plum cultivars (‘Carpatin’, ‘Centenar’, ‘Tita’) grafted on two rootstocks (‘Saint Julien’ and ‘Myrobalan C5’) were evaluated. These varieties were compared with ‘Stanley’ variety as a control. The experimental plot was established in Research Institute for Fruit Growing Pitesti-Maracineni. The trees were planted in the spring of 20…
Four grapevine varieties cultivated in Romania, two known from ancient times (Tamâioasa româneasca and Italian Riesling) and the other two derived by cross-breeding or free-pollination from these (Sarba and Alb Aromat, respectively) were cultivated in the same conditions and vinified by using the same technology, so that the assessment of their volatile profile with an electronic nose would r…
In relation cultivar / rootstock at sweet cherry, delayed incompatibility phenomena can be highlighted by distorted evolution of metabolic processes. For researches undertaken, in order to evaluate the potential for synthesis of different cultivars of cherry grafted on some rootstocks, it were chosen two moments, namely stage fruit ripening (late May) and the second growth stage of the vegetati…
The objective of the paper is to investigate the sensitivity of Landsat OLI and C-band radar signals to monitor an agricultural area affected by soil salinization and land degradation. The chosen test area - Braila Plain has the special particularities such as: dry climate, high annual average temperatures (9-110C), very dry and hot summers which cause a large potential evapotranspiration and c…
In last decades, farmland biodiversity came under large threat. To counteract farmland biodiversity loss and other environmental impacts of intensive agriculture, European farmers can apply Agri-environmental schemes. One of these is the creation of flower strips, a part of the cropping field where flowers are sown or naturally settled. Flower strips are known to increase biodiversity in the ag…
Pedogenetic conditions of interfluve Garda Seaca - Ordancusa northern part of the Bihor Massif in the Apuseni Mountains are characterized by a less complex geological constitution, the largest share (80%) having limestone (white and black) and dolomites, which became material support of morphogenesis and pedogenesis. Physiognomy current territory is due to the coexistence of lithologic and hydr…
In the last two decades an intense shift from advanced mechatronic systems to Cyber-Physical Systems (CPS) is taking place. CPS will play an important role in the field of precision agriculture and it is expected to improve productivity in order to feed the world and prevent starvation. In order to expedite and accelerate the realization of CPS in the field of precision agriculture it is necess…
The paper aimed to present the investigation of the use of photovoltaic cells based devices for solar light measurements and analysis in order to forecast the pace of growth of plants and to estimate the appropriate timing of harvest culture. It is based on the continuous data measurements by a microcontroller based circuitry of a solar module used for supplying a multi-functional wireless sens…
The climatic changes of the latest years led to obvious changes in the biological cycle of the many orchard pests. In the case of the apple codling moth - Cydia pomonella L., one of the most damaging pest of the apple orchards, under our Country conditions it can develops also the third generation, the adults flight extent became wider, the attack of the second generation of larva is more aggre…
Environment agriculture: crop plants, weeds and soil can occur by applying enough strict rules of chemical treatment. These are:the correct dosages, time intervals, implementing optimal correlation unwanted flora and plants phenophase development. Wheat proceed too easy to broadening the range of herbicides, from different causes. Applying too early (even in autumn) and late- as often happens i…
The yield of achenes and the yield components of the head are specific to each sunflower hybrid, but they are influenced by the different growing factors (environmental and technological factors). Soil and climatic conditions are among the environmental factors with a great influence on the sunflower yield. Row spacing and plant population are of great importance among the technological factors…
Reducing pesticide use is one the major issues of today’s agriculture. Among other possibilities, attracting and conserving pest natural enemies in agricultural landscapes by providing them habitats is promising. Wildflower strips (WFS) sown at field margins are one of these potential habitats. They are known to attract and conserve a large diversity of insects, as they provide them food reso…
Since 1843 when Sir John Lawes and Sir Henry Gilbert started several long-term field experiments at Rothamsted Research, up to now a lot of long term experiences have been developed in the world. In this research we analysed the economic impact of crop rotation and nitrogen fertilization level upon the wheat crop. The research was performed in a long term experiment established in 1981, in a bi…
Fruit formations of Xanthium italicum were gathered from plants, sand and a river bank. They were put in germination conditions to observe how this process takes places and what the seedlings’ growth rate is in the early stages, until the first true leaf appears. Data were processed by variance analysis; using the Duncan test, the correlations between germination and seedlings’ growth in X.…
Climatic conditions of the year 2014 in south-east of the Romania in April and May were atypically. At NARDI Fundulea,rainfalls level, both in April and May were over multiyear average, while air temperature was slight higher then multiyear average in April and lower then multiyear average in May. At ARDS Marculesti, registered rainfall level was slight lower then multiyear average in April and…
In the past decade Europe and the EU in particular are facing a major deficit on soy protein. In the case of certified non-GM soy protein this deficit is even broader. EU counts for 0.4% of worldwide soybeans acreage. Soybean imports – grain equivalent – represent 95% of the European annual consumption of 38 million tons. The EU accession of the countries from the Danube region and the asso…
First constructed two and a half centuries ago, the hydraulic ram is one of the oldest mechanical devices for water lifting. The first application utilised the principle for the water supply of a brewery. In this set up a water valve had to be manually closed. Very soon upgrades for an automatic operation of the device were adapted. With technological progress also the ram was improved, but got…
Italy is the largest producer of table chestnuts in Europe. This study focuses on the chestnut supply chain in South Tyrol (Alto Adige/Südtirol), a northern Italian province where chestnuts are currently of minor importance in relation to other crops such as apples and grapes. Nevertheless, a small number of chestnut farmers keep a historically rooted tradition alive. A detailed survey of the …
Focusing on agro-pastoralism and the change in farmland use by the highlanders in Ladakh, Domkhar valley in lower Ladakh was selected as the research site. Domkhar valley has a total population of 1,269 people and 193 households and is divided into three villages based on their locations: Domkhar Do (lower village, 3,000 to 3,100 meters altitude), Domkhar Barma (middle village,3,400 to 3,500 me…
Stone in the past decades has been the most widely used building material, highly tied to the natural environment. The stone walls, dams, warehouses, farmhouses, paving, etc., are remarkable stone constructions and functional creations. Stone as building material was originating from rocks in the near territory, resulting an absolute harmony with the natural environment. From a hydrological a…
Ecological rainwater management methods in urban areas can contribute to: 1) reduction of total rain water runoff and of its peak, 2) storage of rainwater, in order to cover low quality water demand, such as park irrigation, 3) local aquifer replenishment,4) reduction of property damage and activity disruption, which is due to insufficient sewer networks, 5) improvement of rain runoff quality t…
The main objective of this research is to evaluate crop water stress index (CWSI) on eggplant under various irrigation regimes applied with subsurface and surface drip systems in the Eastern Mediterranean Region of Turkey. The field experiments were carried out during the eggplant season of 2013, in the experimental fields of Soil and Water Resources Research Unit in Tarsus. In the study, two i…
Managing water sustainably in a 'green' economy means using water more efficiently in all sectors and ensuring that ecosystems have the quantity and quality of water needed to function effectively. Despite the increasing demand for water and its scarcity in some regions in Europe and the Mediterranean basin, "water use efficiency" or Water Productivity, is claimed to be unsatisfactory. In many …
Use of rain gardens and other ecological rainwater management methods in urban areas can contribute to: 1) reduction of total rain water runoff and of its peak, 2) storage of rainwater, in order to cover low quality water demand, such as irrigation of gardens, 3) local aquifer replenishment, 4) reduction of property damage and activity disruption, which is due to insufficient sewer network capa…
The study of the hydraulic buildings and the exemplary case of several urban systems, whose growth was supported by the hydraulic frame, intended to understand and clarify the importance of water on the Canarias landscape. Mills, wells, ditches, ponds and reservoirs directly shaped the landscape, constituting themselves visible lines and indirectly, by conditioning the provision of agricultu…
The purpose of this study was to implement the monthly FAO Penman-Monteith evapotranspiration estimation method in a GIS environment, given the importance of spatial estimation of the evapotranspiration in the rational management of water resources and also the lack of easily applicable methodology in GIS environment. In this context, a Python programming language script was developed for imple…
The purpose of this study is to investigate the soil hydrodynamic characteristics, i.e. water retention curve and field saturated hydraulic conductivity, at reclaimed agricultural land of Messolonghi polder in Greece (38o 21’ 58’’ N; 21o 28’ 41’’ E). The reclaimed Dutch type pilot-polder of Messolonghi was chosen as study area, because of its characteristics. The area is most likely…
Agriculture is the largest consumer of water. Since water demand for irrigational purposes is expected to rise and given the fact that freshwater is not an unlimited resource, conflicts about the use of water and allocation issues are becoming more intense. The present paper examines the potential for water conflict when water consumption for irrigation takes place. In order to contribute to th…
Hydronomic works (rivers and streams arrangement works) have as target the dissuasion of control of torrent effects (disintegration, erosion, sliding, crumbling etc), the stabilization of stream sides and the providing of flood protection. Additionally hydronomic works in downgraded hydrologic basins and river sides, except of the provided protection, contribute to the formation and evolutio…
Various methods to visualize, map and graph European drought events since the 1970s are now available through the European Drought Observatory (EDO). Monitoring drought is a task that requires the combination of various data sources and indicators in order to provide a comprehensive picture of this complex natural event and its manifold impacts. The monitoring of rainfall and temperature for…
Development of modern irrigation and drainage networks is one of the effective strategies to preventing water losses and optimal usage of water resources in agricultural section. So far, about 1.8 million ha of the total 8.5 million ha irrigated lands are irrigated using modern irrigation networks in Iran. Many new irrigation networks are also under construction. In the other hand, recent studi…
Installing drainage systems in saturated soils decreases the level of the subsurface water table and enables the creation of groundwater reservoirs without gravity water – i.e. drainage retention capacity (DREC). DREC, developed by the hydraulic functions of a drainage system, can be defined as a groundwater reservoir, which is limited by soil surface and which occupies an intermediate positi…
In all ancient traditions, drainage and irrigation in the region of Gjirokastra, are starting to become so planned and organized over the years 1967-1968. The year 1969 was the most successful year because 32 aqueducts were built that accounted for 36.8% of the water supply built up to that period. In 1970’s were accomplished mainly drainage works in Drino Valley along the river banks of Perm…
Climatic parameters obtained from the meteorological measurements over a long period represent a start position for monitoring and forecasting climate changes in the future. The paper observes monthly values of climatic parameters such as minimum and maximum air temperature (Tmin, Tmax), precipitation, wind speed at 2 m height (u2) and actual vapor pressure (ea) from twelve meteorological stati…
With regard to the growing shortage of water resources, especially in dry and dry-half regions, the issue of amount of the existing water networks to down the basin irrigation and drainage is very important. Hamidiehmodern irrigation networks and drainage which located on the left and the right side of Karkhenoor area that exactly located on the the domain of network south Karkhe. Current resea…
The effective usage of limited water resources and ensuring of agricultural sustainability especially in case of using poor quality water for irrigation in arid and semiarid regions require a good irrigation management and management tools. The SALTMED model has been developed as an integrated model that can simulate soil moisture, salinity distribution, leaching requirements and crop yield by …
While Europe is by large considered as having adequate water resources, water scarcity and drought is an increasingly frequent and widespread phenomenon in the European Union. The long term imbalance resulting from water demand exceeding available water resources is no longer uncommon (EU, 2012). Objective of this paper is to show how the tools, based on the operational implementation of Earth …
Technology and its "products", when unearthed from archaeologists, are irrefutable witnesses of the technological level of each era and place. Evaluation of archaeological finds in relation to the advanced technology of each era and compared to the ancient literature, could infer conclusions regarding the nature of relations between different civilizations. Metallurgy, construction technology a…
The construction of the Alqueva reservoir in a semi-arid Mediterranean landscape brought new opportunities for irrigated farming. Land use changes and climate change may alter the risk of soil erosion that was not predicted in the initial development plans and decrease the lifetime of the investment. A comprehensive methodology that integrates the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE)…
Agricultural irrigation canals are widespread across southern France, where they cover a large portion of the Provençal region. While they are still extensively used in productive farming, part of the irrigated area is gradually being taken over by peri-urban habitat and business and industrial parks. As a result, some parts of the canal network have now been abandoned, either built over or tu…
Amvrakikos Wetlands National Park is located in the North-West Greece. It is an area of high environmental importance, as it is characterized by a very rich biodiversity. Because of it's importance, the north part of the gulf is protected by Ramsar Convention and is part of the EU NATURA network. The adjacent plain of Arta (most of which is part of the land part of the park), hosts intensively …
The studied agricultural landscape is situated to the south and southeast from the volcanic mass of Polana. Terrain of the submountain area is smoothly denudated because it had been eroded for a long time before the volcanic period. Valleys of the Bystry potok and Riecka streams correspond with tectonic faults. The region was colonized during the 17th century by pastorals and later by peasants.…