Spatial and Temporal Variability of Rainfall in Anand District of Gujarat State

Rainfall Variability is one of the key factors that affect agricultural production in any region. Hence the proper understanding of rainfall pattern and its trends may help water resources development and to take decisions for the developmental activities of that place. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the spatial and temporal rainfall variability of Anand district of Gujarat Stat…

Simulation of Saltwater Intrusion in a Coastal Aquifer in Karnataka,India

A grid based variable density numerical model, SEAWAT-2000 is used to conceptually simulate groundwater flow and transport for a coastal stretch in Karnataka state, India. SEAWAT is a coupled version of MODFLOW and MT3DMS designed to simulate three-dimensional, variable density groundwater flow and multi-species transport. The variable density flow process uses the familiar and well established…

Assessing Suitability of GP Modeling for Groundwater Level

Artificial Neural Network and other soft computing techniques have been widely used for modeling groundwater level changes. Emphasis has been laid by different researches in improving the quality of input data which significantly affects the final model. In this study Genetic Programming (GP) is used to model spatial variation of groundwater in Arjuna Nadhi sub basin region. For a limited list …

Assessment of Groundwater Quality for Drinking Purpose in Rural Areas Surroun…

The suitability of groundwater quality of 22 wells located in the rural areas surrounding Ingaldhal defunct copper mine in Chithradurga district of Karnataka state was assessed for drinking purpose based on the various water quality parameters. Standard methods for physicochemical analysis of groundwater samples were employed. The results of analysis carried out showed the following concentrati…

Modified SCS-CN and Green-Ampt Methods in Surface Runoff Modelling for the Ku…

Kundapallam watershed is located in Nilgiris District of south India. This ungauged watershed has an areal extension of 14.37 km². There are increasing numbers of rainfall induced landslide occurrences in this area. The causes of rainfall induced landslides require a thorough understanding of runoff characteristics of the watershed. In this respect, the runoff of the study area is estimated wi…

New Indicator Based Method SALDIT for Delineation of Natural Groundwater Rech…

A structured approach based on indicators evaluation technique has been developed as a technical tool to help demarcating the potential groundwater recharge areas. The tool is a generic and can be applied universally. Based on a combination of field experience and expert opinion six measurable indicator parameters viz.,Slope of the ground, Aquifer specific yield, Land and soil cover, Depth to g…

Nethravathi River - Water Supply Scheme in Dakshina Kannada District - A Case…

Water is essential for all living beings. It is a major concern to provide water to all. It is a challenge to supply water to all major cities in Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka, India. Nethravathi River is one of the major sources of water in the region which yields about 1240TMC per year. Nethravathi River has its origins in Western Ghats of Karnataka flowing to a length of 126 Km and jo…

Systems Approach for Optimal Operation of Water Resources Schemes in Kuttiadi…

An optimal operation plan has been developed for the reservoirs in Kuttiadi river basin in Kerala using systems approach. A system consists of three reservoirs namely; Banasurasagar in Wayanad district ,Kakkayam and Peruvannamuzhi in Kozhikode district has been taken for the study. Banasurasagar reservoir is in Kabbini river basin, which is an east flowing river and the remaining two are in …

Identification of potential sites for detention ponds along the Vrishabhavath…

Vrishabhavathi Watershed is a constituent of the Arkavathi River Basin, Bangalore Urban and Ramanagara District and covers an area of 360.620Km2, representing seasonally dry tropical climate. In Vrishabhavathi watershed Vrishabhavathi River is the main surface water source which is tributary of river Arkavathy, which joins the Cauvery River at a later stage. Earlier this surface water was mainl…

Energy Efficient Trajectory Tracking Controller for Underwater Applications: …

Unstructured oceanic environment and uncertain operating conditions of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUV) with limited on-board energy resources calls for the design of appropriate controllers to achieve optimal energy consumption while navigatingunderunstructured oceanic environment. With this aspect in mind, a suboptimal robust control methodology has been presented here based on the approp…

Automatic Shoreline Detection and Change Detection Analysis of Netravati-Gurp…

The shoreline change extraction and change detection analysis is an important task that has application in different fields such as development of setback planning, hazard zoning, erosion-accretion studies, regional sediment budgets and conceptual or predictive modeling of coastal morphodynamics. Shoreline delineation is difficult, time consuming, and sometimes impossible for entire coastal sys…

Salient Long-Term Observations of SST along Kerala Coast and Its Comparative …

Sea Surface Temperature (SST), being one of the most important geo-physical parameters in the ocean, plays an important role in global climate change. The spatial attribute of oceanographic data makes them highly suitable for GIS analysis as GIS provides a natural framework for the acquisition, storage, and analysis of georeferenced data. In the present study we estimate the recent SST trends u…

Erosion hotspots along southwest coast of India

The south west coast of India consists of beaches and cliffs which support a highly dense costal community. Coastal erosion is confined to southwest monsoon season when the waves are rough. Seawalls and groins are the major management strategies adopted for coastal protection along Kerala coast. Erosion hotspots are identified from extensive field work carried out during the southwest monsoon s…

Forecasting of Time Series Significant Wave Height Using Wavelet Decomposed N…

In this current study, a hybrid model of wavelet and Artificial Neural Network (WLNN) has been developed to forecast time series significant wave height for lead times up to 48 h. The data used in the hybrid model are significant wave heights (Hs) belongs to two stations, one near to New Mangalore port, Indian ocean and another near to west of Eureka, Canada in North Pacific ocean. The three ho…

Wave Flume Measurement using Image Analysis

Wave observation represented water surface elevation at a reference point is basic and essential data for ocean and coastal engineering that is mostly measured with traditional wave gauges, for instance capacitance, resistance and conductivity types. Therefore, accuracy and exactness are the most important aspects of data acquisition systems. In this study, we focus on the development of image …

Three Legged Articulated Support for 5 MW Offshore Wind Turbine

This numerical study discusses the preliminary design of a three-legged articulated supporting structure for 5 MW Offshore Wind Turbine.Although articulated tower has many advantages as deep water platform, studies on wind turbine installed over articulated supports are scarce.First stable configuration of a Multi-legged articulated support, the three legged articulated structure is selected fo…

A 3D numerical wave tank study for offshore structures with linear and nonlin…

As offshore industry progressively moves towards deeper water, coupled dynamic analysis of such structures with mooring lines and risers becomes increasingly important because of the growing influence of mooring lines on the response of these structures. Experimental studies for such deepwater structures with mooring lines face serious problems due to the involved scaling and modeling issues. F…

Modelling and CFD Analysis of Traditional Snake Boats of Kerala

Kerala has a rich maritime tradition dating back to several centuries. Snake boats, locally called Chundan vallams, are one of the icons of Kerala. Different types of snake boats take part in Vallamkali, the local name for traditional boat races. This paper presents the preliminary results of a study on a typical ChundanVallam. Data were collected at site using a total station and three dimensi…

Solar Energy: Review of Potential Green & Clean Energy for Coastal and Offsho…

World appetite for energy and mineral resources seems insatiable. The study reveals that the natural reserve of fossil fuels represent 150 years (coal), 58 years (natural gas) and almost 46 years (oil) of consumption at current rates. The Ocean covers approximately 71% of the Earth's surface and full of abundant esoteric resources. This blue economy attracting greater interest for harnessing th…

Quantification of Acoustic Variability from ThermohalineFields in the Arabian…

Acoustic waves, when they propagate in water, exhibit fluctuations in their spectral characteristics due to multi-path and ocean medium variability, especially in coastal waters. Quantitative knowledge of these received signal fluctuations is essential to understand the randomness of acoustic wave propagation. Acoustic variability in the ocean can be attributed to various oceanographic proce…

Base line study for determination of effect of stacking sequence on Vibration…

An investigation of a conventional propeller made from composite materials was conducted in which its vibration characteristics were studied. Optimized designing of a composite propeller was performed for various constrained and unconstrained design objectives. Only symmetric ply stacking sequences were considered. Results show that the ply stacking sequence has an effect on the characteristics…

A Handbook of Applied Biopolymer Technology Synthesis, Degradation and Applic…

Researchers are conducting active research in different fields of engineering, science and technology by adopting the 12 Principles of Green Chemistry and the inherent green methodologies to devise new processes with a view to help protect and ultimately save the environment from further anthropogenic interruptions and damage. With this in focus, this book provides an up-todate, coherently…

Flood Frequency Analysis of Tel Basin of Mahanadi River System, India using A…

Flood frequency analysis indicates the catchment characteristics, water availability and possible extreme hydrological conditions like floods and droughts at various locations of any river system. Such studies have been done in the past using long term annual maximum flood series for early warning, preparedness, mitigation and reduction of any kind of disasters. In the present study, Annual Max…

Strom Surge Vulnerability And LU/LC Change Detection Analysis-In The Northern…

The Storm surge is one of the major calamities for the coastal regions all over the world. The effect of a storm surge is more intensified by the ignorance of the local people in the region due to their improper land use pattern followed by them. This is because of not knowing clearly about the coming storm, its intensity, or at least the zones that would be affected during a storm. The aim of …

Coastal Vulnerability Mapping Using Geospatial Technologies InCuddalore-Picha…

The Eustatic sea level rise due to global warming is predicted to be about 42 to 98cm by 2100 (IPCC 2013) which necessitates identification and protection of vulnerable sections of coasts. The current study area falling in the coastal zone of central Tamil Nadu from Cuddalore in the north and Pichavaram in the south along the southeast coast of India. The study aims in assessing the coastal vul…

Numerical study on Storm Surge and associated Coastal Inundation for 2009 AIL…

Storm surge from tropical cyclones leads to extreme coastal flooding along low gradient shorelines, barriers, and deltaic system. Typically low-lying deltaic environment comprises of soft sediments and are densely populated, and these regions are quite dynamic and changes in coastal geomorphology are quite rapid from impact of each cyclone. The horizontal extent of coastal flooding depends on f…

Coastal Pollution: A Review

The harmful effects of various substances on the marine environment were reviewed by collecting and studying the relevant literature. Various sources for the pollution of marine environment were identified and the causes for the same are understood. Many of the pollutants that are let into the sea are directly or indirectly by human activities. Some of these substances are biodegradable, while …

Holocene Records of Human Driven Geological Impacts in a Ramsar Wetland of India

The present study evaluated the extent of accumulation of heavy/trace metals in the recent sediments of Ashtamudi Wetland System (AWS), a Ramsar Site located in the Southern State of India, Kerala; using Contamination Factor (CF), Pollution Load Index (PLI) and Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo) in 4 sub-environments of AWS; viz: Ashtamudi Main Kayal, ChavaraKayal, Kureepuzha- KandachiraKayals and …

Post-Phailin Restoration of Gopalpur Port

The Very Severe Cyclonic Storm (VSCS), PHAILIN crossed Odisha and adjoining north Andhra Pradesh coast near Gopalpur in the evening of 12th October 2013 with a maximum sustained wind speed of nearly 215 Km/hr. The cyclone caused very heavy rainfall over Odisha leading to floods, and strong gale wind leading to large scale damage to gopalpur port under construction. The damage had occurred to …

Changes to a Drive-in Beach in Southwest India Due to Severe Erosion and Subs…

Driving in beach, a fascinating recreational activity is in vogue in a few special beaches in the world. Management plans are formulated for these beaches to overcome the adverse impact of beach driving on the overall coastal ecosystem and to ensure the safety of both the passengers and others who frequent the beach. The management plans for drive-in beaches often deal with the vehicle conditio…

Phytoremediation of Phosphorus and nitrogen with Canna x generalis Reeds in D…

A proven method of removing contaminants from secondary wastewater being more recently embraced is bioremediation. This paper focuses on phytoremediation of excessive phosphorus and nitrogen using Canna x generalis reeds through a constructed wetland in the domestic wastewater of NMAM Institute of Technology (NMAMIT), Nitte, Udupi District, India. The 30.0m x 6.0m x 1.0m wetland was constructed…

Effect of Mega Bridge on Hydro-morphodynamics of Waterfront Facilities in Wid…

Mumbai being traditionally the epicentre of India’s commerce, the narrow stretch of land (Mumbai Island) has seen a steady increase in population despite obvious spatial constraints. Hence for easing the pressure on the island city, development of Navi Mumbai on east has been identified. However lack of easy connectivity to Navi Mumbai has stunted its growth and pressure on Mumbai’s infrast…

Shoreline Response to Coastal Structures

The coastal erosion has become a critical problem for states which are facing acute shortage of land due to high density of population and narrow width available for the state. With this in mind, different protection methods have been used over time,most on the basis of the artificial nourishment of beaches and building coastal structures such as groins and detached breakwaters. The decision to…

Monitoring longterm shoreline changes along Tamil Nadu, India using geospatia…

Shoreline defined as the physical interface of land and water is dynamic in nature and provides economic and social security to the coastal habitations. Tamil Nadu having a largest coastline i.e., approximately 1000 km faces multiple threats due to both natural and anthropogenic interventions as a result of disasters, rapid urbanization, ndustrialization, sand and coral mining etc. In the prese…

Shoreline Change Analysis For Northern Part Of The Coromandel Coast

The shoreline is a more dynamic, and complex region of all geological features present, as it has a mixed results of tidal, Aeolian,tectonic, and sometimes riverine activity. The shoreline change has its impact, but which is not so visible. To observe this we need a long and continuous set of data. The following project is done for a shoreline length of approximately 112 km of the North of the …

CFD Simulations of Wave Propagation and Shoaling over a Submerged Bar

The wave propagation over a submerged bar is simulated using the open source CFD model REEF3D and the numerical results are compared to the experimental data. The transformation of the wave resulting in higher harmonics in the wave train is observed as the wave propagates over the crest of the bar. The difference between the wave transformation processes for two different incident wave heights…

Performance of Variable Selection Method for the Damage Level Prediction of R…

selection methods available. The purpose of this paper is to explore the application of Principal Component Regression (PCR)analysis for the selection of variables. Data to perform the analysis was obtained from the experimental studies conducted to measure the damage level of the reshaped berm breakwater. For the analysis, damage level was considered as the output variable and the other influe…

Soil Structure Interaction Analysis of a Dry Dock

Pile foundation is one of the most popular forms of deep foundations and is widely used for supporting water front structures in weak soils characterized by low shear strength and high compressibility, and also in structures which are subjected to heavy lateral loadings and moments. The lateral forces are mainly due to berthing forces and lateral earth pressure due to unstable slope as a res…

A Note on Short-term Wave Height Statistics

Short-term wave height distributions in intermediate water depthshave been investigated using spectral wave data from two gauges near Galveston (on the northern side of the Gulf of Mexico) and NDBC buoy 42035 during Hurricane Ike. Frequently used distributions such as the Rayleigh, the scaled Rayleigh and the 2-parameter Weibull distributionsare compared. The analysis of wave heights suggest…

Runup and Rundown characteristics of an emerged seaside perforated quarter ci…

Quarter circle breakwater (QBW) is developed from semicircular breakwater (SBW) and the first model was developed in Peoples Republic of China. The superstructure of QBW consists of a quarter circular front wall facing incident waves, a horizontal base slab and a vertical rear wall placed on rubble mound foundation. A series of experiments were conducted in a two dimensional regular wave flu…

Effect of Artificial Sea Grass on Wave Attenuation- An Experimental Investiga…

An experimental study to validate the exponential attenuation of wave height is presented. Coastal vegetation can often attenuate the wave height as well as the wave energy and are, therefore, of interest. The tests were carried out with submerged artificial sea grass vegetation meadow of 2 m length in a wave flume 50 m long, 0.74 m wide and 1.1 m deep. The model plants were prepared from 0.00…

Design of Submerged Offshore Reefs for the Coastal Protection Measure

Coastline is an interface between the ocean and the land. Coastal erosion is recession of the shoreline and loss of land area due to action of waves, currents and wind. Human interference also contributes to the adverse effects along the coastline, including the erosion. The physical regime of the Indian coastline is characterized by different types of coastal features. In order to mitigate the…

Importance of Location & Alignment of Geotextile Tubes for the Coastal Protec…

The placement of the geotextile tubes plays a functional role in the performance of the overall protection scheme. The placement path of geotextile tubes is the crucial decision for the designers. The geotextile tubes are widely used as a reef structure, well below the Mean Sea Level. The requirement of the beach width is the main criterion to decide crest level of the nearshore reef structure.…

Shoreline Change Analysis of Mangalore Coast and Morphometric Analysis of Net…

Various developmental projects have come up in the coastal zone of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi districts in the last few decades. A number of beaches are subjected to erosion and lots of coastal properties are destroyed specially during SW monsoon season along the Mangalore coast in recent years. In order to protect the beaches and the properties, a number of seawalls - each ranging in length be…

Estimation of Shallow Water Bathymetry using IRS-Multispectral Imagery of Odi…

Image processing techniques that involve multispectral remotely sensed data are considered very attractive for bathymetry applications as they provide a time cost-effective and efficient solution to water depths estimation. In this paper the potential of 4-bands image acquired by IRS-1C/1D LISS-III Sensor satellite in providing precise depth measurements was investigated by radiative transfer …

Satellite oceanography- A review

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Iterative Spectral Index Ratio Exploration for Object-based Image Analysis of…

We introduce a new semi-automated approach by coupling spectral index ratios (SIR) and object-based image analysis (OBIA) to classify very high resolution WorldView 2 (WV 2) satellite image to extract land cover features using eCognition© software. This study aims to develop rule sets for object-based classification of WV-2 image to accurately delineate the boundaries of land cover features in…

Wave prediction using neural networks at New Mangalore Port along west coast …

Estimation of wave parameters is of great importance in coastal activities such as design studies for harbour, inshore and offshore structures, coastal erosion, sediment transport and wave energy estimation. Traditional methods like semi empirical formulations and numerical models have disadvantages of excessive data requirement, time consumption and are tedious to carry out.Artificial Intellig…

Seasonal Variation in Textural Characteristics and Sedimentary Environments o…

Seasonal (post- and pre-monsoon) changes in texture and environment of deposition of beach sediments of Karnataka coast have been studied using various statistical parameters (Mean size, Standard deviation, Skewness and Kurtosis). These parameters were obtained for all the sieved sediment samples (68 for each season), using GradistatV8.0 and G-Stat software packages. Based on the range of varia…

Application of Numerical Model in Suspended Sediment Transport Studies along …

The objective of the present study is to understand the sediment transport along the central Kerala coast. The data used in the study include winds, tides, bathymetry and the satellite derived suspended sediment concentrations (SSCs). A sediment transport model - MIKE 21 Mud Transport (MT) - for combinedcurrents, and SSCs is used to quantify and to find out the movement of fine sediments alo…