Abstract: The development and judicious use of agricultural biotechnology offers important contributions to food security and sustainability. Key contributions include improved yield, heightened pathogen and herbivore resistance, enhanced nutrient content, improved product quality, reduced spoilage, as well as entirely new traits. While a first wave of genetically engineered (GE) crop products…
SUMMARY: This paper introduces a general mathematical model for compression ignition internal combustion engines driven by diesel, biodiesel, and/or biogas. The model is written for dynamic and steady state operation and combines principles of classical thermodynamics and heat transfer, with the use of empirical and theoretical correlations for simplicity, in order to quickly assess the potent…
SUMMARY As coal use for electricity production is expected to increase substantially in the next several decades, our carbon-constraint world demands sustainability, which requires urgent advances in coal power generation to achieve significantly reduced footprints on the environment, water resources, and climate change. Carbon fuel cells (CFC) that can electrochemically convert solid fuels di…
Alternative energy sources have become a hot topic in recent years. The supply of fossil fuel, which provides about 95 percent of total energy demand today, will eventually run out in a few decades. By contrast, biomass and biofuel have the potential to become one of the major global primary energy source along with other alternate energy sources in the years to come. A wide variety of biomass …
The use of wind energy to generate electricity is now well accepted with a large industry manufacturing and installing thousands of MWs of new capacity each year. Although there are exciting new developments, particularly in very large wind turbines, and many challenges remain, there is a considerable body of established knowledge concerning the science and technology of wind turbines. This boo…
The twenty-first century is rapidly becoming the “perfect energy storm”; modern society is faced with volatile energy prices and growing environmental concerns, as well as energy supply and security issues. Today’s society was founded on hydrocarbon fuel—a finite resource that already is one of the main catalysts for international conflicts, which is likely to intensify in the future…
The aim of this book is to describe advanced conversion technologies that are useful for engineering students and practicing professionals. It consists of approximately 800 pages, 550 diagrams, and 50 algorithms and introduces more than 200 topologies of advanced converters originally developed by us, including 150 updated circuits on modern conversion technologies. Some new topologies publishe…
Abstract Characterizing positive charges and its energy distribution in gate dielectric is useful for process qualification. A discharge-based technique is introduced to extract their energy distribution both within and beyond substrate band-gap. This paper investigates the difficulties in its implementation on typical industrial parameter analyzer and provides solutions. For the first time, w…
Abstract Recent studies have shown that the energy consumption of wireless access networks is a threat to the sustainability of mobile cloud services. Consequently, energy efficient solutions are becoming crucial for both local and wireless access networks. In this paper, we propose a flow-based management framework to achieve energy efficiency in campus networks. We address the problem from …
Abstract This paper presents a new theory, called the consumption factor theory, to analyze and compare energy efficient design choices for wireless communication networks. The approach presented here provides new methods for analyzing and comparing the power efficiency of communication systems, thus enabling a quantitative analysis and design approach for “green engineering” of communicat…
As a result of changes in the energy marketplace, the role of energy audits has greatly expanded. There is an increasing need in business and industry to more effectively man age energy use. Reducing utility costs is still one of the most effective and achievable strategies for lowering the operating costs. Today, many large energy consumers are contracting with energy service providers…