Global social policy studies: Conceptual and analytical reflections

This article reviews the conceptual and analytical contribution of one strand of ‘global social policy studies’ since the mid-1990s. It outlines some of the strengths and weaknesses of the core conceptual basis of the approach acknowledging that the theoretical aspects have remained more implicit than explicit in many core texts. The article advances the case for using the ‘Agency, Struct…

Conceptualizing global social policy: Perspectives from the Global South

Edisi

13(1)

ISBN/ISSN

DOI: 10.1177/1468018

Deskripsi Fisik

Global Social Policy 13(1) 84– 99, 2013

Judul Seri

Global Social Policy

No. Panggil

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Poverty and Awakening Cortisol in Adolescence: The Importance of Timing in…

The deleterious effects of poverty on mental and physical health are routinely argued to operate, at least in part, via dysregulation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, although empirical examinations connecting poverty with HPA axis functioning are rare. Research on the effects of timing of poverty is a particularly neglected aspect of this relationship. This study uses 15 yea…

Incorporating Health into Studies of Political Behavior: Evidence for Turnou…

We argue that research on political behavior, including political participation, public opinion, policy responsiveness, and political inequality will be strengthened by studying the role of health. We then provide evidence that self-rated health status (SRHS) is associated with voter turnout and partisanship. Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) and General So…

Informal Institutions, Institutional Change, and Gender Equality

This paper makes two claims: insights from gender research improve understandings of informal institutions and institutional change, and studying informal institutions helps scholars understand the gap between formal institutional change and outcomes. Informed by institutional analysis and feminist institutionalist scholarship, it explores the relationship between informal institutions, institu…

Does Policy Adoption Change Opinions on Minority Rights? The Effects of Leg…

The Iowa Supreme Court adopted an unpopular but unanimous ruling in Varnum v. Brien, which established same-sex marriage. Using a unique panel study conducted immediately before and after the court decision, we evaluate the impact of policy adoption on changing opinions on minority rights. The signaling of new social norms pressured some respondents to modify their expressed attitudes. We find …

Labor Unions and the Mobilization of Latino Voters: Can the Dinosaur Awaken …

Despite large population gains, political observers commonly refer to Latinos as a “sleeping giant” because of low voter turnout. Conversely, steady declines in union membership have led some to label organized labor a “dinosaur.” Several unions have made special outreach efforts to Latinos to rebuild their ranks and improve Latino political participation. Incorporating insights from th…

Gender Stereotypes, Candidate Evaluations, and Voting for Women Candidates:…

Elections involving women candidates in the United States can offer unsettling examples of voter gender stereotypes, but research on women candidates provides little in the way of available data that allow us to link stereotypes to voter decision-making. This project reports results from a 2010 survey designed to examine gender stereotypes, candidate evaluations, and voting behavior in U.S. Hou…

Lobbying for wealth redistribution by changing the social planner’s prefe…

Wealth redistribution in a society is related to the social planner’s beliefs about social justice. In this paper, the social planner’s preferences are described by a Choquet integral, which is a convex combination of a weighted utilitarian social welfare function and an egalitarian social welfare function. By spending resources on lobbying, interest groups can change the social planner�…

Linear and quadratic utility loss functions in voting behavior research

Numerous studies examine voting behavior based on the formal theoretical predictions of the spatial utility model. These studies model individual utility from the election of a preferred party or candidate as decreasing as the alternative deviates from one’s ideal point, but differ as to whether this loss should be modeled linearly or quadratically. After advancing a theoretical argument …

Street-level charity: Beggars, donors, and welfare policies

Begging is a phenomenon that has largely been ignored by scholars of the welfare state. This is surprising because the presence of beggars in a society tends to be interpreted as the welfare state’s failure to adequately provide for its citizens. This paper examines the conditions under which we expect donors to actually give money to beggars at the street level. In particular, it offers …

The selection and signaling effects of third-party intervention

Although mediation is one of the most widely used conflict management techniques, not all international conflicts involve mediation. Why do mediators intervene in some conflicts while not in others? Do third parties strategically select cases for mediation? How does their decision to intervene influence the outcome of international bargaining? This paper formally analyzes the initiation of …

Narrow versus broad judicial decisions

A central debate among judges and legal scholars concerns the appropriate scope of judicial opinions: should decisions be narrow, and stick to the facts at hand, or should they be broad, and provide guidance in related contexts? A central argument for judicial ‘minimalism’ holds that judges should rule narrowly because they lack the knowledge required to make general rules to govern unk…

An institutional remedy for ethnic patronage politics

When the difference between winning and losing elections is large, elites have incentives to use ethnicity to control access to spoils, mobilizing some citizens and excluding others. This paper presents a new electoral mechanism, the turn-taking institution, that could move states away from ethnically mediated patron–client politics. With this mechanism, the whole executive term goes to a…

Knowing one’s future preferences: A correlated agent model with Bayesian …

We generalize two classes of statistical sequential incomplete information games: (1) those resembling typical signaling games, in which a single agent represents each player, allowing for information to be revealed about future play; and (2) those in which each player is represented by a set of independent agents, where moves do not reveal private information. The generalized model we deve…

Exit polls and voter turnout

After the 2009 referendum on a proposed change to the Danish Law of Succession, it was widely claimed that the early publication of exit poll results changed the rate of turnout and eventually the outcome. We investigate this claim and contribute to the wider debate on the implications of exit polls by setting up and analyzing a formal model. We find that the introduction of an exit poll in…

Communication networks and the transnational spread of ethnic conflict

Theories of conflict diffusion have long argued that domestic conflict spreads from one country to others. One set of mechanisms explaining this relies on material flows across borders that incite violence in neighboring countries. Another set of mechanisms, however, relies on informational flows. Information about ongoing violence elsewhere triggers strategic learning and demonstration effects…

Coordination and security: How mobile communications affect insurgency

Recent work has shown that the introduction of mobile communications can substantially alter the course of conflict. In Afghanistan and India targeting mobile communications is a central part of the insurgent campaigns. The opposite was true in Iraq. There insurgents instead threatened providers who did not do enough to maintain mobile phone networks. These differences likely arise from two com…

Ethnic conflict goes mobile: Mobile technology’s effect on the opportuniti…

This analysis contributes to the body of research testing the effect of mobile phone availability on the probability of violent conflict by shifting the unit of analysis to that of distinct ethnic groups. This approach provides two important advantages. First, it tests the robustness of this relationship by determining whether this effect maintains when shifted to a more rigorous and theoretica…

Empowering activists or autocrats? The Internet in authoritarian regimes

The reported role of social media in recent popular uprisings against Arab autocrats has fueled the notion of ‘liberation technology’, namely that information and communication technology (ICT) facilitates organization of antigovernment movements in autocracies. Less optimistic observers, on the other hand, contend that ICT is a tool of repression in the hands of autocrats, imposing further…

Pulling the plug: Network disruptions and violence in civil conflict

New media outlets have been deemed a vital instrument for protesters and opposition groups to coordinate activities in the recent civilian uprisings in the Middle East and North Africa. But what happens when regimes respond by shutting down the internet? I argue that governments have a strategic incentive to implement internet blackouts in conjunction with larger repressive operations against v…

The Needs of Participants in Leadership Development Programs: A Qualitative …

As leadership development becomes prevalent around the world, it is critical to understand the expectations and needs of participants attending leadership development programs and whether cross-country differences exist in those needs. This study examines the leadership challenges faced by 763 participants of leadership development programs from seven different countries (China/Hong Kong, Egypt…

Public diplomacy at the global level: The Alliance of Civilizations as a co…

Innovative mechanisms of global governance are increasingly common, yet they defy easy categorization. The Alliance of Civilizations, a UN initiative that seeks to promote intercultural dialogue, is one such example. It is a hybrid entity that exhibits elements of networks, international organizations, and public–private partnerships, among other things. Only when we shift our gaze to its…

Close, But No Cigar: The Bimodal Rewards to Prize-Seeking

Edisi

2014, Vol. 79(1) 86– 108

ISBN/ISSN

DOI: 10.1177/0003122

Deskripsi Fisik

American Sociological Review 2014, Vol. 79(1) 86– 108

Judul Seri

American Sociological Review

No. Panggil

-

Dilettante or Renaissance Person? How the Order of Job Experiences Affects …

Social actors who move across categories are typically disadvantaged relative to their more focused peers. Yet candidates who compile experiences across disparate areas can either be appreciated as renaissance individuals or penalized as dilettantes. Extant literature has focused on the comparison between single versus multiple category members and on skill assessment, hindering its applicabili…

How You Downsize Is Who You Downsize: Biased Formalization, Accountability,…

Edisi

2014, Vol. 79(1) 109– 135

ISBN/ISSN

DOI: 10.1177/0003122

Deskripsi Fisik

American Sociological Review 2014, Vol. 79(1) 109– 135

Judul Seri

American Sociological Review

No. Panggil

-

Reputation Formation and the Evolution of Cooperation in Anonymous Online M…

Theoretical propositions stressing the importance of trust, reciprocity, and reputation for cooperation in social exchange relations are deeply rooted in classical sociological thought. Today’s online markets provide a unique opportunity to test these theories using unobtrusive data. Our study investigates the mechanisms promoting cooperation in an online-auction market where most transaction…

Does Immigration Undermine Public Support for Social Policy?

There has been great interest in the relationship between immigration and the welfare state in recent years, and particularly since Alesina and Glaeser’s (2004) influential work. Following literatures on solidarity and fractionalization, race in the U.S. welfare state, and antiimmigrant sentiments, many contend that immigration undermines public support for social policy. This study analyzes …

A Framework for Assessing the Performance of Nonprofit Organizations

Performance measurement has gained increased importance in the nonprofit sector, and contemporary literature is populated with numerous performance measurement frameworks. In this article, we seek to accomplish two goals. First, we review contemporary models of nonprofit performance measurement to develop an integrated framework in order to identify directions for advancing the study of per…

The rise of the German Eurosceptic party Alternative für Deutschland, betw…

Germany came relatively unscathed through the economic turbulence of recent years. For some observers, Germany is the biggest beneficiary of the Eurozone and the winner of the crisis. This begs the question of why, at the height of Germany’s post-war European influence, have an increasing number of Germans withdrawn their support from the European project? The Alternative für Deutschland …

Intra-party dynamics in mixed-member electoral systems: How strategies of …

This paper contributes to our understanding of legislative behaviour in mixed-member electoral systems through a simple game-theoretic model. It argues that legislators seeking re-election in mixed-member electoral systems need to take into account the interests of two distinct selectorates rather than an electorate in order to maximize the probability of regaining a legislative mandate. Assumi…

Focus on: Ethnicity and the Social and Health Harms From drinking

Alcohol consumption is differentially associated with social and health harms across u.s. ethnic groups. native americans, hispanics, and blacks are disadvantaged by alcohol-attributed harms compared with Whites and asians. Ethnicities with higher rates of risky drinking experience higher rates of drinking harms. other factors that could contribute to the different effects of alcohol by ethnici…

Public Health and Advocacy: Lessons from and for Urban Regeneration

Abstract : A commentary on an article by Russ P. Lopez that appeared in American Journal of Public Health, vol 99, 2009, pp. 2–10. In the article, Lopez reviewed the successes and failures of U.S. urban renewal programs and the involvement of the American Public Health Association. The writer considers some of Lopez's findings and the insights they may offer for the future. He underscores the…