Abstract This paper proposes an accurate four-transistor temperature sensor designed, and developed, for thermal testing and monitoring circuits in deep submicron technologies. A previous three-transistor temperature sensor, which utilizes the temperature characteristic of the threshold voltage, shows highly linear characteristics at a power supply voltage of 1.8 V or more; however, the supply…
Abstract In the perioperative period patients tend to lose heat and become hypothermic. An understanding of the causes and prevention of heat loss is therefore important to the anaesthetist. Heat and temperature are measures of energy. Heat is a measure of the total kinetic energy (joules, J) of a body, and depends on the size of the body and its specific heat capacity. Temperature is a measur…
The aim of this book is to acquaint the reader with the phenomenon of superconductivity and the high temperature superconductors discovered in 1986 by Bednorz and Muller. Just after this discovery, a lot of research work was carried out by the scientists worldwide over for more than about 10 years. This book describes the superconductivity phenomenon (Chap. 1), the structure of high Tc super…