ABSTRACT Electrospun TiO2 nanofibers, consisting of anatase phase TiO2 single-crystalline crystallites with sizes of ∼10 nm, were impregnated into an Al 1100 alloy by the technique of friction stir processing (FSP). The studies of the resulting TiO2-Al composite revealed that the electrospun TiO2 nanofibers with diameters of ∼200 nm were broken into nanoparticles during FSP; the in situ g…