Abstract. A new procedure for converting lignin residues from lignocellulosic ethanol production into organic liquids with a high H/C and a very low O/C ratio has recently been developed. This process, which can be termed pyrolysis, solvolysis or liquefaction in a non-aqueous medium, consists of batchwise heating of the lignin in a hydrogen-donating reaction medium in a high-pressure reacto…
Technical lignins from various sources can be converted into bio-oil with a low O/C ratio by pyrolysis in the presence of formic acid and an alcohol. By application of different analytical techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), and size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), it has been …