Abstract. For the first time, the interaction of casein micelle (CM) with gold nanoparticles (GNPs) was studied using TEM, UV–visible, FTIR and fluorescence spectroscopy methods. The results show that GNPs bind to CM surface, leading to the formation of GNP–CM conjugates. GNPs exhibit similar particle diameters, and the CM structure is retained in GNP–CM conjugates. Furthermore, GNP�…