Abstract. The Knoevenagel condensation of benzaldehyde and ethyl cyanoacetate was used to test the acid–base cooperativity of SBA-15 mesoporous silica co-condensed with aminopropyl groups as well as silica cocondensed with dihydroimidazole groups. Surface silanols were capped with trimethylsilyl groups using hexamethyldisilazane to determine the effects of the silanol groups on catalytic …