In the tree reconciliation approach to infer the duplication history of a gene family, the gene (family) tree is compared to the corresponding species tree. Incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) gives rise to stochastic variation in the topology of a gene tree and hence likely introduces false duplication events when a tree reconciliation method is used. We quantify the effect of ILS on gene duplica…
Ray shooting is a well-studied problem in computer graphics and also has applications in robotics such as collision detection and contact force optimization. Unfortunately, most ray-shooting algorithms developed for graphics applications only allow 3-dimensional (3-D) objects represented as triangle meshes, and therefore are not suited for objects with parametric surfaces or general convex sets…