Wastewater microbiology

I would like to mention some of the changes and additions that have been included in the third edition of Wastewater Microbiology. In general, every chapter of the book has been revised (up to July 2004) to include the latest developments in the field, and I will highlight only the major ones. A review of the most important molecular techniques has been added to Chapter 1, while the most…

Environmental Pollution and Control

Since this book was first published in 1972, several generations of students have become environmentally aware and conscious of their responsibilities to planet earth. Many of these environmental pioneers are now teaching in colleges and universities, and have students with the same sense of dedication and resolve that they themselves brought to the discipline. In those days, it was sometim…

Dynamic Aquaria: Building and restoring living Ecosystems

By the mid-20th century, widespread concerns were being expressed for the way in which modern human populations and their industrial endeavors and products were affecting both the environment in which they lived and the planet’s wild populations and their ecosystems. Some predictions for the future were dire, and enough environmental activism developed so that some of the more conspicuous pro…

Stream Hydrology: An Introduction for Ecologists

In interdisciplinary applications of stream hydrology, biologists and engineers interact in the solution of a number of problems such as the rehabilitation of streams, the design of operating procedures and fishways for dams, the classification of streams for environmental values and the simulation of field hydraulic characteristics in laboratory flumes to study flow patterns around obstacles …

Winter Time Concentrations and Size Distribution of Bioaerosols in Different …

Abstract The total concentration and size distribution of bioaerosols in three different types of housing (single room in shared accommodation [type I], single bedroom flat in three-storey building [type II] and two- or threebedroom detached houses [type III]) was assessed during the winter. This research was an extension of a previous study carried out in the summer. The measurement campai…

Warming induces shifts in microzooplankton phenology and reduces time-lags be…

Abstract Indoor mesocosm experiments were conducted to test for potential climate change effects on the spring succession of Baltic Sea plankton. Two different temperature (D0 C and D6 C) and three light scenarios (62, 57 and 49 % of the natural surface light intensity on sunny days), mimicking increasing cloudiness as predicted for warmer winters in the Baltic Sea region, were simulated.…

UV/Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide Mediated Chlorophenol Congener Degradation in…

Abstract The ubiquitous presence of chlorophenols (CPs) continues to be a cause of concern, owing to their recalcitrant nature. In this context, the present work investigated the degradation of model compounds, 4-chlorophenol, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-richlorophenol, and pentachlorophenol, by an organic oxidant, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide (MEKP) coupled with ultraviolet irradiation in b…

Using geostatistical simulation to disaggregate air quality model results for…

Abstract In this work, we address the mismatch in spatio-temporal resolution between individual, point-location based exposure and grid cell based air quality model predictions by disaggregating the grid model results. Variability of PM10 point measurements was modelled within each grid cell by the exponential variogram, using point support concentration measurements. Variogram parameters w…

Using Biogeochemical Markers to Assess the Environmental Effects of Shore-Par…

Abstract This paper discusses the effects of breakwaters on the Rimini coastal environment over the last half century. Sediment cores of 50 cm thick were collected in various seasons from 2002 to 2005 and were subsampled at surface and subsurface levels at 20 inshore and offshore stations in order to take account of various freshwater and wastewater inputs. A 240-cm sediment core was colle…

Trend analysis of groundwater using non-parametric methods (case study: Ardab…

Abstract In the present study, the trends in groundwater level and fifteen hydro-geochemical elements at 32 piezometric stations located in the Ardabil plain of the northwest of Iran were analyzed using the non-parametric Mann–Kendall method after removing the effect of significant lag-1 serial correlation from the respective time series by pre-whitening. The magnitudes of trends were comp…

The use of Leaf Characteristics of Common Oak (Quercus Robur L.) to Monitor A…

Abstract Biomonitoring of atmospheric ammonia (NH3) concentrations is generally performed with epiphytic lichens, using species’ abundances and/or nitrogen concentration as monitoring tools. However, the potential of leaf characteristics of trees to monitor the atmospheric NH3 concentration has remained largely unexplored. Therefore, we performed a passive biomonitoring study with common …

The spatial and temporal analysis of dry spells in the Yellow River basin, China

Abstract In this research, drought in Yellow River basin has been studied by using dry spells. Three indices, including the maximum length (MxDS), mean length (MDS) and number of dry spells (NDS), and five periods (annual, winter, spring, summer and autumn) are considered. The results show that a south to north gradient for mean MxDS and MDS has been dominantly found in all periods except …

The nonlinear hydro-climatic process in the Yarkand River, northwestern China

Abstract Based on the hydrologic and meteorological data in the Yarkand River Basin during 1957–2008, the nonlinear hydro-climatic process was analyzed by a comprehensive method, including the Mann–Kendall trend test, wavelet analysis, wavelet regression analysis and correlation dimension. The main findings are as following: (1) The annual runoff, annual average temperature and annual pr…

The influence of parameter distribution uncertainty on hydrological and sedim…

Abstract Parameter uncertainty involved in hydrological and sediment modeling often refers to the parameter dispersion and the sensitivity of the parameter. However, a limitation of the previous studies lies in that the assignment of range and specification of probability distribution for each parameter is usually difficult and subjective. Therefore, there is great uncertainty in the proces…

The Baltic Sea spring phytoplankton bloom in a changing climate: an experimen…

Abstract The response of the Baltic Sea spring bloom was studied in mesocosm experiments, where temperatures were elevated up to 6C above the present-day sea surface temperature of the spring bloom season. Four of the seven experiments were carried out at different light levels (32–202 Wh m-2 at the start of the experiments) in the different experimental years. In one further experiment,…

Temperature-dependent ranges of coexistence in a model of a two-prey-one-pred…

Abstract The objective of our study was to analyze the effects of temperature on the population dynamics of a three-species food web consisting of two prey bacteria (Pedobacter sp. and cinetobacter johnsonii) and a protozoan predator (Tetrahymena pyriformis) as model organisms. We assessed the effects of temperature on the growth rates of all three species with the objective of with four d…

Technogenic Magnetic Particles in Alkaline Dusts from Power and Cement Plants

Abstract During this study, we investigated the mineralogical characterization of technogenic magnetic particles (TMPs) contained in alkaline industrial dust and fly ash emitted by coal burning power plants and cement plants. The reaction of tested dust samples varied between values of pH 8 and pH 12. Their magnetic properties were characterized by measurement of magnetic susceptibility (�…

Sub-Gaussian model of processes with heavy-tailed distributions applied to ai…

Abstract Earth and environmental variables are commonly taken to have multivariate Gaussian or heavy-tailed distributions in space and/or time. This is based on the observation that univariate frequency distributions of corresponding samples appear to be Gaussian or heavy-tailed. Of particular interest to us is the well-documented but heretofore little noticed and unexplained phenomenon tha…

Stepwise selection of functional covariates in forecasting peak levels of oli…

Abstract High levels of airborne olive pollen represent a problem for a large proportion of the population because of the many allergies it causes. Many attempts have been made to forecast the concentration of airborne olive pollen, using methods such as time series, linear regression, neural networks, a combination of fuzzy systems and neural networks, and functional models. This paper pres…

Spring phenological responses of marine and freshwater plankton to changing t…

Abstract Shifts in the timing and magnitude of the spring plankton bloom in response to climate change have been observed across a wide range of aquatic systems. We used meta-analysis to investigate phenological responses of marine and freshwater plankton communities in mesocosms subjected to experimental manipulations of temperature and light intensity. Systems differed with respect to th…

Spatial Copula: A Matlab toolbox for copula-based spatial analysis

Abstract The spatialCopula toolbox contains a set of Matlab functions that provides utilities for copula-based analysis of spatially referenced data, a topic which has re cently attracted much attention in spatial statistics. These tools have been developed to support the work flow in parameter estimation, spatial interpolation and visualization. They offer flexible and user-friendly softwar…

Spatial and temporal variation of extreme precipitation indices in the Yangtz…

Abstract Regional characteristics of extreme precipitation indices (EPI) of precipitation magnitude, intensity and persistence were analyzed based on a daily rainfall dataset of 135 stations during the period of 1961–2010 in the Yangtze River basin, China. The spatial distribution of temporal trends of the selected indices was regionally mapped and investigated by using non-parametric test…

Sex and microhabitat influence the uptake and allocation of mycosporine-like …

Abstract UVR-absorbing mycosporine-like amino acids (MAAs) were detected in tissues of Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and in ten species of Rhodophyte macroalgae (eight previously untested) collected from intertidal microhabitats in November and January 2006–2007 in Central California (35090N, 120450W). In sea urchins, MAA concentrations were higher in ovaries than testes, while epiderm…

Seasonal rhythm in a Mediterranean coastal fish community as monitored by a c…

Abstract To adequately describe seasonal rhythms in habitat utilization by fish communities, observations are needed that occur at a relatively high frequency and over large temporal windows. For the first time, images collected from a cabled video-observatory (the western Mediterranean expandable SEAfloor OBservatory; OBSEA) were utilized to examine habitat utilization by coastal fishes. …

Screening level ecological risk assessment for synthetic musks in surface wat…

Abstract A total of thirty-three surface water samples were collected from Meiliang Bay, Gonghu Bay and Xukou Bay of Lake Taihu, and analyzed for synthetic musks, including 1,3,4,6,7,8-hexahydro-4,6,6,7,8,8-hexamethylcyclopenta-[γ]-2-benzopyrane (HHCB), 7-acetyl-1,1,3,4,4,6-hexamethyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (AHTN), 1-tert-butyl-3,5-dimethyl-2,5-dinitro-4-acetylbenzene (MK) and 1-tert…

Running to stand still: temperature eVects on species richness, species turno…

Abstract The information on temperature-mediated changes in biodiversity in local assemblages is scarce and mainly addresses the change in species richness. However, warming may have more consistent eVects on species turnover than on the number of species. Moreover, very few studies extended the analysis of changes in biodiversity and species composition to questions of associated ecosystem…

Rice Husk: Raw Material in the Catalyst Preparation for Advanced Oxidative Pr…

Abstract Application of an agricultural residue (rice husk, RH) as a raw material for catalyst support for advanced oxidative processes (AOPs) was evaluated. The supported catalyst was produced by the calcination of TiCl4 impregnated in RH, thereby providing a composite TiO2/Si-C, which was characterized by elemental analysis (CHN), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray s…

Phosphorus Uptake and Release from Submerged Sediments in a Simulated Stream …

Abstract Northwest Arkansas, similar to many regions around the world, is home to intensive poultry production, which concentrates large amounts of nutrients in localized areas. Concerns over phosphorus (P) continue in these regions despite extensive conservation management efforts. Part of the concerns relates to the legacy effect of P in streams and the role of fluvial sediments in confoun…

Performance and Bacterial Community Diversity of a Full-Scale Biofilter Treat…

Abstract Odors, such as the malodorous and toxic hydrogen sulfide (H2S), are released during leachate collection, storage, and treatment. A full-scale biofilter was applied to treat H2S emitted from a leachate equalization basin in a sanitary landfill site. The inlet concentration of H2S was 26.3–213.0 mg m−3. In steady state, total removal efficiency was over 90 % in summer and over 8…

Optimization of a Microplate-Based Assay to Assess Esterase Activity in the A…

Edisi

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ISBN/ISSN

1573-2932

Deskripsi Fisik

Water Air Soil Pollut (2013) 224:1358

Judul Seri

Water Air Soil Pollution (2013) 224:1358

No. Panggil

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Morphology and development of benthic and pelagic life stages of North Sea je…

Abstract Jellyfish blooms or invasions could be detected in an early phase of development if the youngest medusa stages (ephyrae) and their early growth stages (post-ephyrae) were identifiable in plankton samples but a useful identification key for ephyrae in early growth stages is lacking for most species. In the present study, the identification characteristics of adult North Sea scyphomed…

Microbial interactions with the cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa and the…

Abstract Associated heterotrophic bacteria alter the microenvironment of cyanobacteria and potentially influence cyanobacterial development. Therefore, we studied interactions of the unicellular freshwater cyanobacterium Microcystis aeruginosa with heterotrophic bacteria. The associated bacterial community was greatly driven by temperature as seen by DNA fingerprinting. However, the associat…

Levels, sources and risk assessment of trace elements in wetland soils of a t…

Abstract The deteriorating environmental conditions of Baiyangdian Lake have caused a wide public concern. Surface soils (0–20 cm) were collected at 10 sites of reed wetlands in raised fields of the Baiyangdian Lake. They were analyzed for total contents of trace elements to investigate their distribution and pollution levels in wetland soils of this region. Results showed that the mean co…

Investigation of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Wastewater Treatment Plant…

Abstract A comprehensive investigation of polybromodiphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in wastewater was conducted in the second largest international metroplex area along the U.S. and Mexico (MX) border. Concentrations of PBDEs in wastewater and sludge were measured in four wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in El Paso, Texas and two WWTPs in Cd. Juarez, Chihuahua, MX. A green approach in sample prepa…

Intra- and interannual variability surpasses direct temperature effects on th…

Abstract We measured the clearance rates of the filter-feeding bivalve Corbicula fluminea over a period of 2 years. Strong seasonal variations, such as a 50-fold increase from February to July, were observed. These variations were only poorly linked to temperature, as they could be found at both the ambient field temperature and a constant temperature of 15°C. Instead, peaks in the filtrati…

Intercontinental tests of the effects of habitat patch type on the distributi…

Abstract Patchy distributions within landscapes may be caused by migration in response to different types of habitat patches. Intertidal boulder fields are landscapes in which boulders are discrete habitat patches, often with chitons attached to their under-surfaces. Chiton densities and associations with patch edges differed between boulders overlying coarse- versus fine-sediment types, wit…

Interactions among sea otters, sea stars, and suspension-feeding invertebrate…

Abstract The structuring and organizing effects of apex predators on ecosystems are becoming increasingly well documented. The enhancement of kelp forests via sea otter predation on herbivorous sea urchins is among the earliest and best known examples. This study provides evidence for direct and indirect trophic interactions among sea otters, predatory sea stars, and filter-feeding mussels (…

Integrating field and laboratory evidence for environmental sex determination…

Abstract The causes of sex determination in amphipods are believed to be multi-factorial. Sex determination in Echinogammarus marinus (Leach, 1815) has been reported to be linked with feminising parasites. To date, however, no such studies have linked this species with environmental sex determination (ESD). A field study and laboratory breeding experiments were conducted to determine the inf…

Influence of Adsorption of Pharmaceuticals onto RO/NF Membranes on Their Remo…

Abstract Adsorption together with size exclusion and charge attraction/repulsion has to be taken into account when considering removal of pharmaceuticals as emerging contaminants from water by reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membranes. Glucocorticosteroids (hydrocortisone (HYDRO), dexamethasone (DEXA)), anesthetics (procaine, lidocaine) with relatively weak hydrophobicities (1 

In Situ Immobilization of Heavy Metals in Severely Weathered Tailings Amended…

Abstract Biowastes and inorganic additives are acknowledged efficient but site-dependent alternatives for in situ metal immobilization. The present study evaluates food waste-based compost, a particularly abundant type of biowaste in South Korea, and zeolite as amendments for increasing pH and reducing metal leaching potential in weathered tailings from an abandoned mine site. Two types of b…

Importance of habitat heterogeneity and biotic processes in the spatial distr…

Abstract This study attempts to understand the dependence on abiotic factors and on the biotic process of the population development. We used three spatial point process models (Poisson, Area-Interaction and shot-noise Cox processes) in both homogenous and inhomogeneous versions to model the distribution of three Carex remota cohorts in wet zones of a temperate forest in the north of Spain. …

Human Health Risk Assessment of 16 Priority Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons …

Abstract South Chattanooga has been home to foundries, coke furnaces, chemical, wood preserving, tanning, and textile plants for over 100 years. Most of the industries were in place before any significant development of residential property in the area. During the 1950s and 1960s, however, the government purchased inexpensive property and constructed public housing projects in South Chattano…

How well do sunken vessels approximate fish assemblages on coral reefs? Conse…

Abstract The amount of artificial habitat (termed ‘artificial reef’, AR) in marine systems is rapidly increasing, yet the effect of most types of AR on reef communities remains unknown. We examined the role of well-established vessel-reefs in structuring coral reef fish assemblages by comparing assemblages on 7 World War II wrecks (>65 years old) to those on interspersed coral patch reef…

Head start: Australian sea lion pups gain experience of adult foraging ground…

Abstract The extended lactation period of the Australian sea lion Neophoca cinerea is suggested to provide additional time for offspring to achieve nutritional independence. We examine the dive and movement development of pups at two age classes (6–10 months) from two colonies (Lilliput and Olive Islands) in South Australia using archival GPS and time-depth recorders to investigate the deg…

Habitat complexity impacts persistence and species interactions in an interti…

Abstract Although experiments have shown that habitat structure may influence the distribution of species and species interactions, these effects are still not commonly integrated into studies of community dynamics. Since habitat structure often varies within and among communities, this may limit our understanding of how various factors influence communities. Here, we examined how mussel bed…

Growth-selective survival of young jack mackerel Trachurus japonicus during t…

Abstract To examine the growth-selective survival in early life stages of jack mackerel from the East China Sea, we compared growth rates of young fish collected from the surface layer in April with those of survivors collected from the near-bottom layer in May–June. We performed this analysis from 3 year classes with different levels of relative abundance: low in 2005, intermediate in 200…

Full-Scale Experiment on Domestic Wastewater Treatment by Combining Artificia…

Abstract To improve domestic wastewater treatment for total nitrogen (TN) removal, a full-scale constructed wetlands combining an artificially aerated vertical- (AVCW) and a horizontal-flow constructed wetland (HCW) was completed in July 2007. The system covered a total area of 7,610 m2. From 2 July 2007 to 7 August 2008, the treatment capacity was 2,076 m3 day−1 with an aeration quantit…

Fate of drilling waste discharges and ecological risk assessment in the Egypt…

Abstract Egypt is located in the Northeast of Africa where oil and gas (O&G) are produced offshore from the Gulf of Suez and the Southeast part of the Mediterranean. The O&G production in Egypt is distributed as follows: 70% from Gulf of Suez, 16% from Western desert, 8% from the Sinai Peninsula and 6% from Eastern desert. Past O&G activities, refining and transport have resulted in chronic …

Extraction of information content from stochastic disaggregation and bias cor…

Abstract We applied a simple statistical downscaling procedure for transforming daily global climate model (GCM) rainfall to the scale of an agricultural experimental station in Katumani, Kenya. The transformation made was two-fold. First, we corrected the rainfall frequency bias of the climate model by truncating its daily rainfall cumulative distribution into the station’s distribution b…

Evaluation of the Impacts of Marine Salts and Asian Dust on the Forested Yaku…

Abstract To elucidate the influence of airborne materials on the ecosystem of Japan’s Yakushima Island, we determined the elemental compositions and Sr and Nd isotope ratios in streamwater, soils, vegetation, and rocks. Streamwater had high Na and Cl contents, low Ca and HCO3 contents, and Na/Cl and Mg/Cl ratios close to those of seawater, but it had low pH (5.4 to 7.1), a higher Ca/Cl rat…