Almost 6 months after winning their U.S. Supreme Court case, a group of New Haven, Connecticut, firefighters celebrated their victory in grand style. The decision in Ricci v. DeStefano proved that the City of New Haven erred when it denied promotions to White firefighters who fared better on promotional examinations than did minority applicants. This article (a) examines the thrust of the Ricci…
Employers have a duty to perform workplace investigations in situations involving a workplace incident that violates an employer’s rules, regulations, policies, or procedures. Workplace investigations occur for many different reasons including reports of sexual harassment, employee altercations, safety issues, security breaches, customer complaints, and other issues. The primary goal of a wor…
The environment in which public sector organisations operate is becoming ever more volatile, with such organisations increasingly facing the dual pressures of growing customer expectations coupled with significant budget reductions. This study presents an exploratory research model to uncover significant relationships between generic strategies and the business and social performance of public …
Narrative stories offer insight into political agency and constructed reality. They are also part of the armoury for maintaining political ascendancy. The UK Cameron–Clegg Coalition government’s public service reform narrative juxtaposed its open, transparent and decentralized approach with the top-down configuration of institutional power attributed to New Labour. The more complex reality…
The term resilience is increasingly being used to capture the challenges involved in managing in ‘hard times’. This article aims to provide one of the first empirical studies of the term’s application to local authority interventions around emergency planning and climate change: two areas in which resilience has been particularly emphasised in local policy making. Drawing upon research un…
State and local governments are grappling with huge unfunded liability costs centered on public sector pensions and other postretirement benefits (OPEBs). Payments to cover these liabilities arecrowding out revenues for essential public services. The policies and practices that determine public sector pay and benefits have become a significant part of the national co nversation in the UnitedSt…
Defining the future differs from analyzing the past, because it has not yet happened. In this article, methodologies have been used to help identify useful alternatives to traditional Neighborhood Watch programs that can enhance the success of planners and leaders in their response to a range of possible future environments.
The trope of infertility in science fiction may be explored through the theme of a single fertile man remaining on earth, with the fate of the entire species devolving on this one singl Individual.The article will review narratives that deal with this premise, and will outline the obvious,the not so obvious, and the even potentially comic outcomes that arise from the overturning ofthe usual ma…
In recent years, millions of U.S. jobs have been outsourced to other countries with very lowwage rates. Moreover, a recent study noted that 40 percent of the jobs that remain in America are How-income jobs. This trend is not going away, and in fact is spreading. Even nations like China and India are beginning to find outsourcing profitable. As robots and computer systems become capable of mor…
What are the knowledge network configurations associated with effective e-government? To answer this question, a social network perspective is applied to explore the connection between e-government actors’ social networks and their perception of e-government effectiveness. Specifically, this study closely looks at both intraorganizational networks between program and IT units and interorganiz…
A proven method of removing contaminants from secondary wastewater being more recently embraced is bioremediation. This paper focuses on phytoremediation of excessive phosphorus and nitrogen using Canna x generalis reeds through a constructed wetland in the domestic wastewater of NMAM Institute of Technology (NMAMIT), Nitte, Udupi District, India. The 30.0m x 6.0m x 1.0m wetland was constructed…
The latter 20th and beginning of the 21st century have ushered in new forms of governance, opening the gates to what has been variously described as a “new public service,” a multisectored public service,” and a “state of agents.” As government authority is dispersed, we increasingly rely on these new public servants for service delivery and policy implementation. But who are now t…
Mumbai being traditionally the epicentre of India’s commerce, the narrow stretch of land (Mumbai Island) has seen a steady increase in population despite obvious spatial constraints. Hence for easing the pressure on the island city, development of Navi Mumbai on east has been identified. However lack of easy connectivity to Navi Mumbai has stunted its growth and pressure on Mumbai’s infrast…
In recent decades, representative bureaucracy has been a core area of interest, both in theory and in practice, in public administration. The focus on representative bureaucracy is important because the characteristics of bureaucrats influence the nature, scope, and implementation of public policies. Integrating management literature on men and women in leadership with existing work on repr…
The coastal erosion has become a critical problem for states which are facing acute shortage of land due to high density of population and narrow width available for the state. With this in mind, different protection methods have been used over time,most on the basis of the artificial nourishment of beaches and building coastal structures such as groins and detached breakwaters. The decision to…
The ascendance of federal grants to states and localities as a major tool of government action has fueled scholarly interest in building a better theory of intergovernmental management (IGM). It has also spawned an enduring metaphor, “picket-fence federalism,” which has done much to shape thinking about the context and nature of IGM. More recently, however, a competing conceptual lens calle…
This study examines the complex relationships among stereotypes about crime, the offender’s Face/ethnicity, and sentencing decisions. Using data on White, Black, and Hispanic male drug offenders sentenced in three U.S. district courts and a definition of the dangerous drug offender appropriate to the federalsentence system, the authors explore the degree to which stereotypes about dangerous …
Shoreline defined as the physical interface of land and water is dynamic in nature and provides economic and social security to the coastal habitations. Tamil Nadu having a largest coastline i.e., approximately 1000 km faces multiple threats due to both natural and anthropogenic interventions as a result of disasters, rapid urbanization, ndustrialization, sand and coral mining etc. In the prese…
The issue of racial profiling has come to represent one of the key contemporary challenges facing law enforcement agencies in the United States. One way that agencies have responded to this issue is to adopt antiprofiling policies to address concerns about racial disparities in traffic stops and their outcomes. Policy adoption is assumed to encourage more racially equitable policing as well as …
The shoreline is a more dynamic, and complex region of all geological features present, as it has a mixed results of tidal, Aeolian,tectonic, and sometimes riverine activity. The shoreline change has its impact, but which is not so visible. To observe this we need a long and continuous set of data. The following project is done for a shoreline length of approximately 112 km of the North of the …
The wave propagation over a submerged bar is simulated using the open source CFD model REEF3D and the numerical results are compared to the experimental data. The transformation of the wave resulting in higher harmonics in the wave train is observed as the wave propagates over the crest of the bar. The difference between the wave transformation processes for two different incident wave heights…
selection methods available. The purpose of this paper is to explore the application of Principal Component Regression (PCR)analysis for the selection of variables. Data to perform the analysis was obtained from the experimental studies conducted to measure the damage level of the reshaped berm breakwater. For the analysis, damage level was considered as the output variable and the other influe…
Pomegranates have shown great promise as anti-cancer agents in a number of cancers including clinical trials in prostate cancer. We have previously shown pomegranate juice (PGJ) induced apoptosis and preferentially alters the cell cycle in leukemia cell lines compared with nontumor control cells. However, the agents responsible have not yet been fully elucidated. Treatment of four leukemia cell…
Pile foundation is one of the most popular forms of deep foundations and is widely used for supporting water front structures in weak soils characterized by low shear strength and high compressibility, and also in structures which are subjected to heavy lateral loadings and moments. The lateral forces are mainly due to berthing forces and lateral earth pressure due to unstable slope as a res…
Although antiplatelet medication is used in various situations, including for the prevention of ischemic and thrombotic complications, long-term antiplatelet therapy in hemodialysis patients who are at high risk of bleeding may result in a harmful bleeding tendency. We investigated bleeding events that required the cessation of the use of heparin for hemodialysis in all the hemodialysis patient…
Short-term wave height distributions in intermediate water depthshave been investigated using spectral wave data from two gauges near Galveston (on the northern side of the Gulf of Mexico) and NDBC buoy 42035 during Hurricane Ike. Frequently used distributions such as the Rayleigh, the scaled Rayleigh and the 2-parameter Weibull distributionsare compared. The analysis of wave heights suggest…
Energy consumption index is one of the most important criteria for judging about new, and emerging drying technologies. One of such novel and promising alternative of drying process is called electrohydrodynamic (EHD) drying. In this work, a solar energy was used to maintain required energy of EHD drying process. Moreover, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to build a predictive model …
The purpose of this article was to present a new drying method for agricultural products.Electrohydrodynamic (EHD) has been applied for drying of agricultural materials due to several advantages such as energy saving, low cost equipment,low drying temperatures, and superior material quality. To evaluate this method, an EHD dryer based on solar (photovoltaic) energy was designed and fabricated. …
The antioxidative capacity of seven different porcine tissue hydrolysates (colon,appendix, rectum, pancreas, heart, liver, and lung) were tested by four different assays, including iron chelation, 2,20-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging, 2,2-Diphenyl-1-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl) hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging, and inhibition of lipid oxidation. All hydro…
Smallpox was probably the single most lethal disease in eighteenth-century Britain but was reduced to a minor cause of death by the mid-nineteenth century due to vaccination programmes post-1798. While the success of vaccination is unquestionable, it remains disputed to what extent the prophylactic precursor of vaccination, inoculation, reduced smallpox mortality in the eighteenth century. Smal…
The article shows how District Chief Executives (DCEs) exert extraordinary influenc activities. It further led to conflict and tension between the DCEs, administrators, and Members of Parliament, which proved counterproductive to rural development. Subnational leaders who owe their position to political appointment lack autonomy to pursue grassroots preference. Yet with constitutional reforms t…
Copper (Cu) can impair olfaction in juvenile Pacific salmon (as well as other fishes), thus potentially inhibiting the ability of juveniles to avoid predators or to find food. Because Cu is commonly elevated in stormwater runoff in urban environments, storm events may result in elevated Cu concentrations in salmon-bearing streams. Accordingly, there is concern that existing Cu criteria, which w…
1. The spatial patterns of groundwater biodiversity in Europe remain poorly known, yet their knowledge is essential to understand local variation in groundwater assemblages and to develop sound conservation policies. We explore here the broad-scale distribution of groundwater biodiversity across Europe, focussing on obligate subterranean species. 2. We compiled published distributional data …
In this study, the bioactive compounds of loquat fruit (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) skin and pulp extracted by two extraction methods (solvent and ultrasound- assisted) with three solvents (ethanol, water and ethanol–water) were compared to supercritical fluid extraction. The antioxidant activities of skin and pulp extracts were evaluated and compared to tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) usin…
The aim of this study was to compare the effects of solvent and ultrasoundassisted extraction methods with supercritical fluid extraction on antioxidant activity of loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) fruit skin extract in stability of soybean oil at 25°C. Oxidative stability alterations of soybean oils containing 400 (SEA) and 1000 ppm (SEB) of ethanol extract, 400 (SSA) and 1000 ppm (SSB) o…
The aim of present study was to compare the effects of ultrasound-assisted and microwave-assisted extraction with solvent extraction method on antioxidant activities of jujube (Ziziphus mauritiana Lam.) leaf extracts in stability of sunflower oil during deep frying. The antioxidant activities of the extracts were evaluated by using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH˙) radical scavenging and…
Purpose: To measure the pH values of commonly used oral moisturizers and to evaluate their erosive potential using a gravimetric analysis. Materials and Methods: A pH analysis was performed for seven commercially available oralmoisturizers using a calibrated pHmeter. The pH recordingwas repeated three times, from three different bottles each of the same product. The gravimetric analysis was…
Aim: The aim of this study was to observe the effect of attenuated Salmonella typhi as a tumor-targeting delivery vector for multidrug-resistance gene (MDR1) small interfering RNA (siRNA). Material and Methods: The cisplatin (DDP)-resistant ovarian cancer cell line SKOV-3/DDPwas established by treatment with gradually increasing concentrations of cisplatin. MDR1 siRNA expression plasmid contai…
athione reductase (GR) catalyzes the reduction of glutathione disulfide (GSSG) to reduced glutathione (GSH) and participates in the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, which scavenges H2O2. Here, we report that chloroplastic/mitochondrial GR2 is an important regulator of leaf senescence. Seed development of the homozygous gr2 knockout mutant was blocked at the globular stage. Therefore, to investigate…
Survival of patients with high-risk pediatric solid tumors has improved with the introduction of a high-dose chemotherapy regimen and autologous stem cell rescue. Here, we present our data regarding the evaluation of the efficacy and safety of hematopoietic stem cell mobilization and harvesting in children with solid tumors. From November 2002 to March 2010, 85 children underwent autologous per…
1. Reliable assessments of groundwater biodiversity are urgently needed to resolve current issues relating to the protection of aquifers. The assessment of groundwater biodiversity is hampered by the physical complexity and difficult access to the subterranean environment, which is related to the vastness, high degree of fragmentation and environmental heterogeneity of groundwater systems. Know…
The bioaccessibility of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in the forms of monoacylglycerol(EPA-MAG), triacylglycerol (EPA-TAG), and phospholipid (EPA-PL) during gastrointestinal passage was compared in this study using a dynamic gastrointestinal model (TIM system). The TIM system simulated the average upper gastrointestinal tract conditions of healthy human adults after intake of a meal (fed state co…
Flavonoids constitute amajor group of plant phenolic compounds. While extensively studied in Arabidopsis, profiling and naturally occurring variation of these compounds in rice (Oryza sativa), themonocotmodel plant, are less reported. Using a collection of rice germplasm, comprehensive profiling and natural variation of flavonoids were presented in this report. Application of a widely targeted …
Simulation models are widely used in applied economics to improve understanding of how a system could behave under different conditions. However, the potential degree to which such models can influence decision making depends on their ability to provide an adequate description of the Important elements of a given problem. A systematic and robust procedure for the development and application of …
The South African chokka squid,Loligo reynaudi,spawns both inshore (≤70 m) and on the mid-shelf (71–130 m) of the Eastern Agulhas Bank. The fate ofthese deep-spawned hatchlings and their potentialcontribution to recruitment is as yet unknown.Lagrangian ROMS-IBM (Regional Ocean ModellingSystem-Individual-Based Model) simulations confirm westward transport of inshore and deep-spawn…
Plant responses to abiotic stresses are coordinated by arrays of growth and developmental Programs. Gibberellic acid (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) play critical roles in the developmental programs and environmental responses, respectively,through complex signaling and metabolism networks. However, crosstalk between the two phytohormones in stress responses remains largely unknown. In this study,…
Quarter circle breakwater (QBW) is developed from semicircular breakwater (SBW) and the first model was developed in Peoples Republic of China. The superstructure of QBW consists of a quarter circular front wall facing incident waves, a horizontal base slab and a vertical rear wall placed on rubble mound foundation. A series of experiments were conducted in a two dimensional regular wave flu…
An experimental study to validate the exponential attenuation of wave height is presented. Coastal vegetation can often attenuate the wave height as well as the wave energy and are, therefore, of interest. The tests were carried out with submerged artificial sea grass vegetation meadow of 2 m length in a wave flume 50 m long, 0.74 m wide and 1.1 m deep. The model plants were prepared from 0.00…
Coastline is an interface between the ocean and the land. Coastal erosion is recession of the shoreline and loss of land area due to action of waves, currents and wind. Human interference also contributes to the adverse effects along the coastline, including the erosion. The physical regime of the Indian coastline is characterized by different types of coastal features. In order to mitigate the…
The placement of the geotextile tubes plays a functional role in the performance of the overall protection scheme. The placement path of geotextile tubes is the crucial decision for the designers. The geotextile tubes are widely used as a reef structure, well below the Mean Sea Level. The requirement of the beach width is the main criterion to decide crest level of the nearshore reef structure.…