Abstract: Background The purpose of this study was to determine current practice patterns and examine the influence of recent evidence in the surgical treatment of advanced thumb carpometacarpal (CMC) osteoarthrosis. Methods A survey was sent to 2,536 American Society for Surgery of the Hand members. Information regarding specialty training, years of experience, annual cases performed, treatme…
Abstract : The objective of this study is to demonstrate the utility of the scratch collapse test (SCT) in localizing the point of maximal compression in cubital tunnel syndrome. From January 1, 2004 to December 1, 2005, 64 adult patients with cubital tunnel syndrome were evaluated by a single surgeon. Cubital tunnel syndrome was diagnosed based upon symptoms of numbness, tingling, and/or pain…
Abstract: A latissimus dorsi muscle flap was used to simultaneously resurface the dorsal index, middle, and ring fingers of a 10-year-old child who had sustained a severe abrasion burn from a go-kart injury. Rather than performing multiple individual flaps, or a single flap in which a secondary division procedure would have been needed, the flap was divided into three vascular territories, pe…
Abstract : Burns to the hand are common in burn victims. These burns often leave complex wounds that require local flaps for coverage. Local flaps are often excluded because they lie within the zone of thermal injury. The purpose of this case report is to report the successful use of a Quaba flap harvested from a previously burned and skin-grafted area. The patient's medical record including p…
Abstract: This article explains theoretical considerations of prescribing plasmapheresis. It is important to consider several factors in prescribing apheresis: (i) the properties of pathogenic substances, such as molecular weight, distribution volume, compartment, and production rate; (ii) therapeutic conditions such as the processed plasma volume and the frequency of processing; and (iii) th…
The marine halophytes Arthrocnemum macrostachyum and Halimione portulacoides are found growing naturally in saltmarshes within Greece creating an aesthetically pleasing groundcover that also reflects the changing of seasons. The potential use of these species in an extensive green roof system in coastal areas would lead to additional benefits such as preserving and enhancing the local landscap…
Abstract BACKGROUND: In this study, the tri-peptides Gly-Glu-Tyr (GEY) andGly-Tyr-Gly (GYG), identified previously as active compounds from the silk peptide E5K6, significantly stimulated basal and insulin-mediated glucose uptake by 3T3-L1 fibroblasts in a dose-dependent manner. RESULTS: Synthetic GEY and GYG peptides at a concentration of 500
Abstract: Aims: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of metformin on serum adiponectin and adiponectin receptor-1 (AdipoR1) and evaluate their role in prediction of ovulation in patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Material and Methods: The study cohort included 68 PCOS patients with clomiphene citrate resistance (group 1) and 28 healthy women as controls (group 2). Ba…
Summary : Effects of fat replacement on physicochemical, microbial and sensory properties of fermented sausages were determined after drying process and 4 weeks of storage. Fermented sausages were formulated with 20% pork back fat (control), and three reduced-fat treatments were prepared by replacing 25%, 50%, and 75% of fat with a mixture of collagen, dietary fibre and ice (1:1:8). TBARS value…
Abstract: The development and judicious use of agricultural biotechnology offers important contributions to food security and sustainability. Key contributions include improved yield, heightened pathogen and herbivore resistance, enhanced nutrient content, improved product quality, reduced spoilage, as well as entirely new traits. While a first wave of genetically engineered (GE) crop products…
Summary Edible: coatings based on sodium alginate (AL) and pectin (PE) at 1% and 2%(w/v) enriched with eugenol (Eug) and citral (Cit) at minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) (0.10% and 0.15%) and double MIC were used to preserve the quality of fresh-cut apples ‘Bravo de Esmolfe’. Samples were taken, through 14 day at 4 °C, for analysis of colour CIE(L*hC*), firmness, Brix, weight los…
Summary: The objective of this work was to determine the impact of extrusion variables [moisture (17–25%), screw speed (170–250 r.p.m.) and temperature (90–150 °C)] on the physical properties and antioxidant activity of proso millet extrudates. Extrusion variables were adjusted using an inscribed central composite rotatable design. Response variables were bulk density (BD), radial expan…
Abstract Aim: The current needs of patients with idiopathic osteonecrosis of the femoral head were analyzed for the purpose of seeking effective support programs that would maintain and improve the quality of life of the patients. Methods: A focus group interview method was used to collect data. Interviewees included eight patients. They were asked about their opinions and needs with respect …
Summary : This study investigated ten polyphenolic compounds in the peel of 145 apple cultivars grown in the same location while originated from different countries over two successive years. Despite significant year effect of individual and total polyphenol concentrations on each cultivar, both concentrations showed similar distributions in the 2 years, and genotypic correlations among them w…
SUMMARY 1. Relationships between river flow characteristics and fish community/population dynamics (i.e. flow–ecology relationships) underpin methods to determine and monitor environmental water allocations. Quantifying these relationships can be difficult, and consequently, most environmental flow strategies for fish conservation in Australian rivers are based on general flow–ecology rela…
Abstract: Selective plasma exchange with dialysis is a blood purification therapy in which simple plasmaMexchange is performed using a selective membrane plasma separator while the dialysate flows out of the hollow fibers. To evaluate the effect of plasma exchange with dialysis,biochemical examination of the blood, for example, the oxidative stress regulation system and interleukin 18 levels,…
Abstract: The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) negotiations are evolving to reflect changes in national and global economic circumstances. However, this shift has been far smaller in the critical issue of climate finance, which remains too mired in an increasingly antiquated North–South, developed–developing country dichotomy. This inertia poses a serious thre…
Aims: Patients with bipolar disorders (BD) show a broad range of neurocognitive impairments. We compared the patterns of neuropsychological performance in depressed and euthymic patients with BD, and explored the state-dependent cognitive markers of bipolar depression. Methods: The study participants included 32 BD patients (15 depressed and 17 euthymic) and 42 healthy controls. All of the sub…
Abstract: Aim: The aim of our study was to examine the association of low pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) with adverse pregnancy outcome. Material and Methods: A total of 1640 consecutive pregnant women between 9+5 and 13+6 weeks of pregnancy were recruited. One hundred and thirty women with PAPP-A levels < 0.4 multiple of median were followed till delivery and the outcome info…
Abstract: Transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced pressure overload (PO) causes adverse cardiac remodeling and dysfunction that progresses to heart failure (HF). The purpose of this study was to determine whether the potent antioxidant, resveratrol, significantly attenuates PO-induced HF in wild-type mice. Male C57BL6 mice were subjected to either sham or TAC surgery. One group of TAC mic…
ABSTRACT: Towards the end of the 1980s, when the spawning grounds in the northwestern shelf (NWS) of the Black Sea were lingering with the effects of eutrophication and of an exotic invasive ctenophore, a series of basinwide international ichthyoplankton surveys pointed out an increase in the anchovies spawning in the southern half of the Black Sea. Later, with the help of international conser…
Abstract: In some cases, long-term (>3 months) citrate anticoagulation is needed in maintenance hemodialysis patients due to a persistent bleeding risk. In this retrospective observational study, we present our experience and assess its safety and effects on mineral and bone disorder parameters. Sixteen patients (mean age 67 15 years) were treated with long-term citrate anticoagulation. The…
Abstract: This article uses a novel experimental approach to measure consumer willingness to pay (WTP) for wine attributes. We invited customers of a local supermarket who had selected a bottle of wine to purchase to participate in a valuation experiment. Integrating their original wine choice into the experiment, each participant evaluated six alternative wines, generating a rich set of data…
Water is an essential component of almost all of the foods that we consume, yet its presence may pass largely unnoticed. We derive considerable quantities of the water that we need to sustain our lives from this ‘hidden’ water in foods. The original idea for this book came from the running of seminars on water activity in bakery products. Much is known about the contribution of water …
Antioxidant activity depends on many factors such as the lipid composition, antioxidant concentration, temperature, oxygen pressure, and the presence of other antioxidants and many common food components, e.g. proteins and water. Antioxidants were first used before World War II for food preservation. These early antioxidants were natural substances. They were, however, soon replaced by synthet…
Abstract: The equal treatment of all citizens is one of the fundamental principles of good administrative practice. Nevertheless, there are growing numbers of media and scientifi c reports on unequal treatment by public administrations. This article examines the unequal treatment of citizens by gender and ethnic origin by means of a survey-based field experiment in German local government. Wit…
Besides having advantages, Chitosan as biosorbent has also disadvantages. . Chitosan is very soluble in low pH so it cannot adsorb Cr (total) at low pH. It is due to active site (amine group) of chitosan undergo protonation and its adsorption capability is easily influenced by anions in waters. The research studied use of chitosan coating active charcoal of coconut shell to increase adsorpti…
This study considers the impact of financial education dosage on savings outcomes of participants in Individual Development Account (IDA) programs. It analyzes data from a sample of approximately 2,000 participants in the American Dream Policy Demonstration, disaggregates outcomes by age, and uses propensity score modeling to control for endogeneity and selection bias. We find that, relativeto …
Summary: Improved understanding of the sensory responses to fibre fortification may assist manufacturers and health promotion efforts. The effects of fibre fortification (or modified ingredients) on sensory acceptability of baked cereal foods (bread, cookies, muffins) were estimated by linear random-effects meta-analysis of twenty eligible studies (869 panellists, 34% male). As little as 2 g p…
SUMMARY 1. Groundwater ecosystems offer vast and complex habitats for diverse microbial communities. Here we review the current status of groundwater microbial biodiversity research with a focus on Bacteria and Archaea and on the prospects of modern techniques for enhancing our understanding of microbial biodiversity patterns and their relation to environmental conditions. 2. The enormous vol…
Private landholders’ contributions to biodiversity conservation are critical in landscapes with insufficient formal conservation reserves, as is the case in Australia’s tropical savannas. This study reports results from a discrete choice experiment conducted with pastoralists and graziers across northern Australia. The experiment was designed to explore the willingness of pastoralists and g…
Job exposure matrices (JEMs) are used to measure exposures based on information about particular jobs and tasks. JEMs are especially useful when individual exposure data cannot be obtained. Nonetheless, there may be other workplace exposures associated with the study disease that are not measured in available JEMs. When these exposures are also associatedwith the exposures measured in the JEM, …
ABSTRACT: Challenges to the use of the no observed effect concentration (NOEC) in ecotoxicology have appeared over the years, with a recent call for banning its use in favor of the x% effects concentration (ECx). This article presents an opposing view, providingmreasons for the continued use of the NOEC, and for hypothesis testing in general. Although the use of ECx values is appropriate inmma…
SUMMARY: 1. In Mediterranean and other water-stressed climates, water management is critical to the conservation of freshwater ecosystems. To secure and maintain water allocations for the environment, integrated water management approaches are needed that consider ecosystem flow requirements, patterns of human water demands and the temporal and spatial dynamics of water availability. 2. Human…
SUMMARY: This paper introduces a general mathematical model for compression ignition internal combustion engines driven by diesel, biodiesel, and/or biogas. The model is written for dynamic and steady state operation and combines principles of classical thermodynamics and heat transfer, with the use of empirical and theoretical correlations for simplicity, in order to quickly assess the potent…
Blackcurrant, blueberry, and muscadine grape juices were efficiently sorbed, concentrated, and stabilized into dry granular ingredient matrices which combined anti-inflammatory and antioxidant fruit polyphenols with sweet potatofunctional constituents (carotenoids, vitamins, polyphenols, fibers). Total phenolics were highest in blackcurrant-orange sweet potato ingredient matrices (34.03 mg/g), …
SUMMARY As coal use for electricity production is expected to increase substantially in the next several decades, our carbon-constraint world demands sustainability, which requires urgent advances in coal power generation to achieve significantly reduced footprints on the environment, water resources, and climate change. Carbon fuel cells (CFC) that can electrochemically convert solid fuels di…
Abstract: A 27-year-old woman underwent a first vaginal delivery at our institution. She returned four days after delivery, presenting with abdominal pain and an unexplained drop in her hemoglobin value, without external bleeding. The initial computed tomography abdominal scan revealed an isolated diffuse hemoperitoneum. A laparoscopy did not find the cause of bleeding. A second computed tomog…
Abstract: Epidemiological studies suggested that the low incidence of certain chronic diseases in rice-consuming regions of the world might be associated with the antioxidant compound contents of rice. The molecules with antioxidant activity contained in rice include phenolic acids, flavonoids, anthocyanins, proanthocyanidins, tocopherols, tocotrienols, c-oryzanol, and phytic acid. This review…
ABSTRACT: This article presents a method of probabilistically computing species sensitivity distributions (SSD) that is well-suited to cope with distinct data scarcity and variability. First, a probability distribution that reflects the uncertainty and variability of sensitivity is modeled for each species considered. These single species sensitivity distributions are then combined to create …
Abstract: Uremic toxins are associated with various disorders in patients with end-stage renal disease and it is difficult to remove some of these toxins by dialysis. Since some uremic toxins are generated by bacterial metabolites in the colon, oral adsorbents that interfere with the absorption of uremic toxins or their precursors are believed to prevent their accumulation in the body. AST-12…
Recent work on dictatorship has focused on how repression is used by dictators to eradicate political opposition. This article examines evidence from one of the most important dictatorships of the twentieth century to suggest that this may tell only half the story. As Stalin’s dictatorship progressed, repression was increasingly administered neither by the secret police nor the military—as …
Abstract: Despite abnormal clotting, circuits clot during continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in children with acute liver failure (ALF).We report our experience. All children with ALF needing CRRT were studied over 2 years. Patient and circuit factors associated with circuit use were evaluated.Thirty-one children in liver failure (median age 7.4 years) underwent CRRT, of which 17 (54.8…
Bubbles can contribute a significant fraction of methane emissions from wetlands; however the range of reported fractions is very large and accurate characterization of this pathway has proven difficult. Here we show that continuous automated flux chambers combined with an integrated cavity output spectroscopy (ICOS) instrument allow us to quantify both CH4 ebullition rate and magnitude. For a …
Summary: Anthocyanins are the main pigments of young red wines. The aim of this work was to evaluate the anthocyanin composition of red wines produced by alternative procedures of winemaking and different grape varieties. For this purpose, wines of Tannat, Syrah and Merlot were made by traditional maceration (TM), addition of maceration enzymes (ENZ) and cold soak (CS). Syrah wines had the hig…
Abstract: Although herbage biomass and nutrient status are widely assessed from hyperspectral measurements, certain difficulties are encountered in semiarid and arid regions with low canopy cover. This study investigated the potential of band depth approaches using partial least squares (PLS) regression to estimate herbage biomass and the concentrations of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in th…
Abstract: This paper describes the design and characterization of a limited number of areas to be used as spatial monitoring and reporting units (MRU) by Crop- Watch, the global crop monitoring system (http://www.cropwatch.com.cn/) hosted by the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The MRUs are modified and adapted from an existing standard vegetation zoning map. They are designed to be areas of unifo…
Abstract: Dried and fresh peels of Citrus limon were subjected to microwave-assisted hydrodistillation (MAHD) and solvent-free microwave extraction (SFME), respectively. A comparison was made between MAHD and SFME with the conventional hydrodistillation (HD) method in terms of extraction kinetic, chemical composition, and antioxidant activity. Higher yield results from higher extraction rates…
Abstract: BACKGROUND: Mandarins constitute a large, diverse and important group within the Citrus family. Here, we analysed the aromavolatiles compositions of 13 mandarin varieties belonging to seven genetically different natural sub-groups that included commonmandarin (C. reticulata Blanco), clementine (C. clementina Hort. ex. Tan), satsuma (C. unshiuMarcovitch), Mediterranean mandarin (C. de…
Abstract: The fatty acid composition of eggs is highly reflective of the diet of the laying hen; therefore, nutritionally important fatty acids can be increased in eggs in order to benefit human health. To explore the factors affecting the hen’s metabolism and deposition of fatty acids of interest, the current research was divided into two studies. In Study 1, the fatty acid profile of eggs …