Gateway discovery is a fundamental process in interconnecting mobile ad hoc network with the Internet. Traditional gateway discovery algorithms adopt the method of periodically broadcast advertisements with a time interval. However, this method does not fulfill the actual requirements from the source nodes and produces some unnecessary overhead. To solve this problem, this paper adopts a novel …
In order to prolong the lifetime of wireless video sensor networks (WVSNs), many methods for visual target tracking are proposed to reduce the energy cost of batterypowered video sensor nodes. Focus on reducing the amounts of image data for computation and communication, this paper presents an energy-efficient method for distributed target tracking inWVSNs. The major Contributions of the propo…
Probability density function (pdf) of the received signal is necessary for the distributed detection fusion when the unreliable channels between the local sensors and the fusion center are considered. Hitherto study has never been made on the statistical distribution of the demodulated OFDM signal over multipath fading channel. Modeling the OFDM system over the multi-path channel, we derived th…
An important issue affecting cellular networks is to make services available to regions of bad or no reception. Femtocells are considered to be the solution to meet the future needs for better indoor coverage, high data rates and capacity in the cellular networks. Since femtocell access points (FAPs) are usually user deployed, thus blind placement of FAPs is inevitable leading to problems of po…
In this paper, we investigate the resource allocation issues in Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing access-based multicast systems that only allows average channel state information of users to be available at the resource manager. In this system, it is impossible to guarantee successful transmission of every data due to instant deep fading. Hence, in order to achieve efficient and reli…
Wireless sensor–actor networks (WSANs) are applicable in versatile domains ranging from very common to those which demand reliable actions in the event area. The unique characteristics of WSANs and the resourceconstrained nature of the constituent sensor nodes give rise to design energy and delay efficient routing protocols. Many researchers have made considerable efforts to meet these challe…
In the paper, a kind of channel noise produced by nodes accessing channel was considered, and this noise was compared with Middleton Class-A noise. It was assumed that the time, space, frequency of channel accessed by nodes were randomized, hence the channel selection can be described as a random matrix. And the random matrix were approximately calculated and analyzed by Krylov subspace method …
In this paper, we present an efficient resource allocation with user discrimination framework for 5G Wireless Systems to allocate multiple carriers resources among users with elastic and inelastic traffic. Each application running on the user equipment (UE) is assigned an application utility function. In the proposed model, different classes of user groups are considered and users are partition…
The goal of fourth generation (4G) mobile communications system is to seamlessly integrate a wide variety of communication services such as high speed data, video and multimedia traffic as well as voice signals. One of the promising approaches in 4G is the Adaptive Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (AOFDM) technique. In Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)- OFDM, adaptive transmissio…
n Multi-hop Wireless Networks (MWNs), the end-to-end performance degrades exponentially with hop counts and the degree of traffic aggregation at each hop. Fair allocation of bandwidthamong nodes is one of the challenging problems in MWNs. The IEEE 802.11 distributed coordination function standard stipulates long-term equalization of throughput among stations by giving the same number of transm…
In this paper, a comparative study of the simulated symbol error rate (SER) with the theoretical SER of uncoded communication systems is made for selected modulation schemes with and without fading. Slow fading Weibull and Rayleigh channels are considered in this paper. The modulation schemes considered are (1) Binary Phase Shift Keying, (2) Quadrature Phase Shift Keying, (3) Orthogonal Freque…
This letter considers routing in delay tolerant networks whereby nodes have semi-predictable mobility patterns within a time period. We propose a mobility-based routing protocol (MBRP) where nodes construct a space–time graph dynamically. As the space–time graph may be incomplete, MBRP presents a heuristic that evaluates encountered nodes based on their recorded mobility patterns in order t…
This paper presents a modulator and low power ASK demodulator that uses a new technique. This technique uses the dynamic threshold MOSFET to reduce the threshold voltage of diodes connected MOS transistors as a barrier in the design of the envelope detector. This circuit has been simulated in a 90 nm CMOS technology to satisfy EPC Class 1 Generation 2 standard protocol. The proposed circuit can…
The double codebook structures are proposed and applied in LTE-advanced, which can track both longterm and short-term channel state information. In traditional incoherent estimation, precoding matrix indicators (PMI) estimation is performed on each individual subcarrier and some form of averaging procedure then follows to combine the results from individual narrow-band processing. As a result, …
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to develop a framework for reconceptualising research on school autonomy to redress the limitations of traditional research, strengthen the conceptual links between school autonomy and learning outcomes and offer a range of new strategies for studying the interplay of school autonomy, leadership and learning. Design/methodology/approach – Based on a r…
Purpose – In the context of the creation of a two-year Master of Science in Business Administration programme to offer a scientifically sound and practice-related management education in Switzerland, a curriculum for learning and teaching research methods had to be designed. Major pedagogic challenges were identified and addressed by curricular responses in terms of pluralism in knowledge pro…
Purpose – Although leadership is found to have impact on the followers’ attitudes and performance there is a gap in leadership studies in HEIs, especially having Lithuania in mind. The purpose of this paper is to study the impact of leadership style on job satisfaction of faculty in higher education institutions (HEI). Design/methodology/approach – In order to investigate before mentione…
Purpose – Teacher learning communities (TLCs) formed within subject departments are conceptualized as reform platform for facilitating school improvement and teacher development. The purpose of this paper is to examine the ways in which three TLCs were structured and managed for generating change capability in secondary schools in Hong Kong. Design/methodology/approach – A review of the li…
Abstract: Accelerated formation and tissue accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs), reflecting cumulative glycemic and oxidative stress, occurs in agerelated and chronic diseases like diabetes mellitus (DM) and renal failure, and contributes to vascular damage. Skin auto fluorescence (AFR), a noninvasive measurement method, reflects tissue accumulation of AGEs. AFR has been repo…
Abstract: Baillonella toxisperma , Pentaclethra macrophylla and Trichoscypha abut areimportant foods for communities living around forests in Cameroon. Information on the nutritional value and bioactive content of these foods is required to establish their contribution to the nutrition and health of the communities.Samples of the three foods were obtained from four villages in east and three v…
Abstract: Secondary hyperparathyroidism is common in patients with mineral and bone disorders related to chronic kidney disease. Guidelines for the management of secondary hyperparathyroidism in hemodialysis patients have been promulgated, but evidence on the relationship between treatment and survival is still insufficient. Studying hemodialysis patients with secondary hyperparathyroidism, we …
Abstract: Aim: Most family caregivers continue their caregiving for frail relatives after admitting them to long-term care facilities. The characteristics of this caregiving differ from those related to caregiving in home-care settings. Thus, a new tool to evaluate the burden of family caregivers in institutional settings is needed. The aim of this study was to develop a new scale, the Caregiv…
Impaired social cognition is considered a core contributor to unfavorable psychosocial functioning in schizophrenia. Rather than being a unitary process, social cognition is a collection of multifaceted processes that recruit multiple brain structures, thus structural and functional neuroimaging techniques are ideal methodologies for revealing the underlying pathophysiology of impaired social c…
Abstract Aim: This mixed methods study describes the post-transplantation daily life of pre-adolescents and adolescents who had undergone living donor liver transplantation and their parents. Methods: Nine parent–child dyads were enrolled and all children were living donor liver transplant recipients. Three participants were pre-adolescents and the six were adolescents. Five of the parents …
Abstract: Aim: This study aimed to identify the effect of fall prevention measures and characteristics of wards on the rate of pediatric falls. Methods: Data on study variables were collected using a cross-sectional design and questionnaires of 603 randomized general hospitals in Japan. Among the hospitals that were contacted, 252 (41.8%) returned their questionnaires. The questionnaires incl…
the neutrophilic dermatoses mainly caused by activated neutrophils and monocytes. Granulocyte and monocyte adsorption apheresis (GCAP) is a useful extracorporeal circulation therapy for removal of activated granulocytes and monocytes. In this study,GCAP was used to treat three patients with different types of GPP; the diagnoses indicated patient 1 had GPP, patient 2 had GPP developed from psori…
Abstract: Several abnormalities of the cardiovascular system are observed in most cases of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Mechanisms underlying these abnormalities are complicated, and several factors contribute to their pathogenesis. Of these factors, oxidative stress and uremic toxins are considered to play key roles in the progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in CKD. Oxidative stress i…
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore/investigate various issues of teachers’ motivation in public sector Higher Educational Institutions of Pakistan. Design/methodology/approach – This is an exploratory research where surveys have been conducted in the well known public sector Universities of Pakistan; primary data have been collected through questionnaire and in depth face …
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore not only the academic measures such as grade point average of success of college-to-university transfer programs (Pathway Programs), but also the social-cultural facilitators and barriers throughout the students’ Pathway experience. Design/methodology/approach – The experience of students and academic advisors moving between Queensdale Co…
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present the results of an exploratory study that investigates Portuguese academics’ conceptions concerning the temporal properties of e-learning, in the context of traditional Higher Education Institutions. Design/methodology/approach – Grounded Theory methodology was used to systematically analyse data collected in semi-structured interviews wit…
Purpose – Over the past decade, studies of school leadership effects have increasingly aimed at identifying and validating the paths through which principal leadership impacts key teaching and learning processes in schools. A recent meta-analysis by Robinson and colleagues identified principal practices that shape teacher professional development experiences in schools as the highest impact p…
Abstract: Mexican Tuba (M-Tuba) and Tepache are Mexican fermented beverages prepared mainly with pineapple pulp and coconut palm, respectively. At present, reports on the microbiota and nutritional effects of both beverages are lacking. The purpose of this study was to determine whether M-Tuba and Tepache contain cultivable lactic acid bacteria (LAB) capable of producing bacteriocins. Tepache …
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present and examine the addition of a “professional artefact” to the course requirements for the BA Honours Professional Practice (BAPP) (Arts) programme at Middlesex University. Design/methodology/approach – This paper takes a case study approach using reflection,indicative theories and consideration of student work to evaluate the introductio…
Understanding children’s development is critical in the midst of efforts that teach children about money and open savings accounts for them early in life. These efforts are delivered at a time of extensive developmental change, yet with limited attention to this context. Through a review of research, this study unveils the ages at which children may be able to save and to use savings accounts…
Summary: This study focuses on isotherms, isosteric heat of sorption and enthalpy–entropy mechanism of water sorption of grated Parmesan cheese at simulating conditions of storage and drying processes. Isotherms were determined by gravimetric method using different saturated salt solutions. Samples were submitted to different temperatures, and several models were used to fit experimental dat…
Abstract: Transglycanases (endotransglycosylases) cleave a polysaccharide (donor-substrate) in mid-chain, and then transfer a portion onto another poly- or oligosaccharide (acceptor-substrate). Such enzymes contribute to plant cellwall assembly and/or re-structuring. We sought a general method for revealing novel homo- and hetero-transglycanases, applicable to diverse polysaccharides and oligos…
ABSTRACT: The reason for expressing ecological protection goals in terms of ecosystem services is to make a connection between ecosystems and what people get out of them in terms of marketed goods and nonmarketed welfare. Here our focus will be on how the ecosystem services framework is and can be applied to the ecological risk assessment (ERA) of chemicals.We provide 2 contrasting examples of…
Abstract: In this study, the influence of different treatments was evaluated: nonwashing, washing in chlorinated water and washing/soaking in chlorinated water and sodium chloride on the quality of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fillets during storage at 1.0 0.5°C through daily analysis of pH, moisture, and lipids content. Microbiological analysis and growth modeling for mesophilic an…
Abstract: As sessile organisms, plants are subject to a multitude of environmental variations including several which directly affect their interaction with the atmosphere. Given the indiscriminant nature of Rubisco, the relative rates of photosynthesis and photorespiration are known to be responsive to changes in gas composition. However, comprehensive profiling methods have not yet been appli…
Abstract: In contemporary politics, the power and status of a country are intimately connected with its economic wealth. In particular, GDP has become the benchmark by which the global pecking order is defined. Initially designed as a mere survey of a nation’s income, GDP has become an ordering principle in international governance. Yet the convergence of socioeconomic, environmental and ene…
Abstract: Sevelamer hydrochloride (SH) has been reported to aggravate metabolic acidosis and hyperkalemia. This study was performed to evaluate acid–base status and serum potassium changes after replacing SH with lanthanum carbonate (LC) in hemodialysis patients. SH was prescribed for 24 weeks in 14 stable hemodialysis patients and replaced by LC in a similar treatment schedule. Laboratory te…
Abstract: Distilled beverages are appreciated by consumers for their aromatic richness and changes during product consumption, but mechanisms still remain unclear. In this context, the objective of the present study was to better understand the origin of temporal perception by a combined approach (dynamic sensory and instrumental) during the consumption of brandies with different aging and kno…
Abstract: Italy experienced a double-dip Great Recession: after the start of the global financial crisis, Italy had a second serious recession in 2011 as a result of the sovereign debt crisis. The reaction of Italian governments was minimal at the beginning but more serious action has been taken to address Italy’s fiscal problems since the start of the sovereign debt crisis in 2011. The poli…
Abstract: Distilled beverages are appreciated by consumers for their aromatic richness and changes during product consumption,but mechanisms still remain unclear. In this context, the objective of the present study was to better understand the origin oftemporal perception by a combined approach (dynamic sensory and instrumental) during the consumption of brandies withdifferent aging and known t…
Abstract: “Amala” is a generic term in Nigeria, used to describe a thick paste prepared by stirring flour (“elubo”) from yam, cassava or unripe plantain, in hot water, to form a smooth consistency. In order to overcome its high perishability and increase the utilization of sweet potato roots, three varieties of sweet potato roots were processed into flour using two methods. The interac…
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to outline a small research project designed to explore the practices of the UK work-based learning (WBL) tutors in facilitating formal research projects in the workplace. Design/methodology/approach – Data were collected using a short questionnaire to practitioners administered electronically and a daylong workshop where issues were discussed in great…
Abstract: Purpose: To survey chairs of prosthodontics or restorative departments and program directors of postdoctoral prosthodontic programs in the United States regarding digital denture fabrication. The key objectives of the survey were to identify the current trends in complete denture fabrication using CAD/CAM technology and to determine how and to what extent this technique is taught and…
Abstract Aim: To investigate healthy food purchasing intentions and behaviours among patrons attending a large festival and any associations with healthy eating attitudes, social norms or perceived behavioural control. Methods: Food consumption intention and behaviour were measured via pre (upon entry)-post (prior to exit) surveys among West Australian adults at the Perth Royal Show (n = 100;…
Abstract Aim: A tubal ectopic pregnancy (EP) in the first trimester remains a major life-threatening complication for the mother. We aim to determine whether serum reproductive hormones may be clinically useful in the early identification of a tubal EP. Methods: A total of 109 age-matched patients with a serum b-human chorionic gonadotropin (b-hCG) concentration
Potential predictability of seasonal mean temperature and precipitation is assessed using a moving blocks bootstrap method. The bootstrap method allows the potential predictability of seasonal means to be assessed even for autocorrelated, highly non‐Gaussian, intermittent data. The results reveal that the largest fraction of predictable variance for both temperature and precipitation occur m…