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Alkaloids: Chemistry, Biology, Ecology, and Applications
Recent progress in molecular biology leads to a better understanding of nature and natural life processes at the global and local scopes and opens new horizons for chemical and biological technology. Alkaloids, the subject of this book, are a group of very interesting and complex chemical and biological molecules having special tasks in the life machinery of our planet. They are also a good…
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- 2nd ed.
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- 978-0-444-59433-4
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- xv, 475 Hlm.
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Immunological resilience of a freshwater Indian mollusc duringaestivation and…
Freshwater snail, Pila globosa is an edible mollusc which bears commercial and ethnomedicinal signifi-cance. During environmental aridity, P. globosa aestivates deep into the soil for four to five months. Wereport comparative analyses of immune associated parameters in the hemocytes and hemolymph of P.globosa during activity, experimental aestivation, arousal and starvation. Hemocyte is a major…
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- Aquaculture Reports 3 (2016) 1–11
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- Aquaculture Reports
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Evaluating contextual factors affecting the technical efficiency offreshwater…
The demand for animal protein, especially fish, is growing fast, perhaps due to the rapid expansion ofpopulations, increases in income and changes in eating habits and life styles. Capture fisheries, whichsupply over 70% of the fish for human consumption in Malaysia, are over-exploited or depleted. Theiryields have become stagnant over the last few decades and in some cases have even declined. …
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- Aquaculture Reports 3 (2016) 12–17
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- Aquaculture Reports
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Experimental induction of motile Aeromonas septicemia in channelcatfish (Icta…
Motile Aeromonas septicemia (MAS), caused by virulent clonal isolates of Aeromonas hydrophila (vAh), isemerging as a major disease in catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) aquaculture in the Southeastern United States.Predisposing conditions leading to vAh infection in catfish were however largely unknown. The objectiveof this study was to investigate factors that predispose catfish to vAh infection an…
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- Aquaculture Reports 3 (2016) 18–23
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- Aquaculture Reports
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Parental contribution and growth hormone gene polymorphismassociated with gro…
Red sea bream is one of the most important aquaculture fish species in Japan. To improve the productivityof this fish during seed production, improved growth traits and reduced size variation are needed. In thisstudy, we assessed parental contribution of fast- and slow-growing individuals observed in two differentrearing phases in a mass production lot: (1) 50 dph reared in a tank and (2) 200 d…
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- Aquaculture Reports 2 (2015) 144–151
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- Aquaculture Reports
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Effect of ingestion and waterborne routes under different shrimpdensities on …
A study was undertaken to evaluate some factors that are important for better management of the whitespot syndrome virus (WSSV). We examined the likelihood of that the mud crab (Scylla serrata) is a poten-tial carrier of WSSV in shrimp farms and then compared susceptibility of three shrimp species to WSSV,and finally tested the effects of shrimp stocking density and transmission routes on the i…
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- Aquaculture Reports 2 (2015) 120–125
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The effect of temperature on the embryonic development ofbarramundi, the Aust…
Lates calcarifer (barramundi or Asian seabass) has been farmed since the 1970s, yet despite its widespreadculture little has been documented on the species’ embryonic development and particularly how devel-opment relates to temperature. This is particularly the case for the Australian L. calcarifer genetic strain.Accordingly, embryonic development of fertilised barramundi eggs incubated at 26…
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- Aquaculture Reports 2 (2015) 132–138
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- Aquaculture Reports
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Growth rate analysis and protein identification of Kappaphycusalvarezii (Rhod…
Environmental pH is one of the factors contributing to abiotic stress which in turn influences the growthand development of macroalgae. This study was conducted in order to assess the growth and physio-logical changes in Kappaphycus alvarezii under different pH conditions: pHs 6, ∼8.4 (control) and 9. K.alvarezii explants exhibited a difference in the daily growth rate (DGR) among the differe…
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- Aquaculture Reports 2 (2015) 112–116
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- Aquaculture Reports
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A crustin isoform from black tiger shrimp, Penaeus monodon exhibitsbroad spec…
Crustaceans have a powerful non-specific immune mechanism that responds to pathogen invasion andtogether with cellular responses, generates powerful humoral factors such as antimicrobial peptides.Crustins are a diverse class of antimicrobial peptides that are expressed by the circulating haemocytesof crustaceans. Several isoforms of this molecule are reported and in this study, one isoform from…
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- Aquaculture Reports 2 (2015) 106–111
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Secondary stress responses of zebrafish to different pH: Evaluation ina seaso…
Stress is one of the most critical factors in fish health. The response to stress in fish is characterized bythe stimulation of the hypothalamus, which results in the activation of the neuroendocrine system anda subsequent cascade of metabolic and physiological changes. The present paper deals with the stressresponses of water pH on certain biochemical indices and hematological parameters of ze…
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- Aquaculture Reports 2 (2015) 91–96
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Molecular characterization and expression analysis of interferon (IFN-) gen…
Genes coding for interferon (IFN-) has been cloned and studied for functional analysis in many species.Labeo rohita commonly known as rohu, is a commercially important and widely cultured fish in South-East Asia. IFN- of rohu was amplified with primers based on conserved regions of other related species.5and 3end were amplified using RACE PCR. The PCR products were cloned and sequenced. T…
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- Aquaculture Reports 2 (2015) 97–105
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Nutritional evaluation of groundnut oil cake in formulated diets forrohu, Lab…
De-oiled groundnut oil cake (GOC) was bio-processed through solid state fermentation (SSF) for 15 days at34 ± 1◦C by a tannase producing yeast, Pichia kudriavzevii (GU939629) isolated from the gut of a freshwa-ter carp, Cirrhinus cirrhosus. SSF of GOC was effective in significantly (P < 0.05) reducing crude fibre contentand antinutritional factors (e.g., tannin, phytic acid and trypsin inhib…
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- Aquaculture Reports 2 (2015) 82–90
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Mating behaviour of the orange mud crab, Scylla olivacea: The effect ofsex ra…
Mud crabs from the genus Scylla have high commercial value and are considered as one of the highlysought luxury seafood items. Thorough understanding about their biology and mating behaviour is vitalin providing important information for a sustainable exploitation and future incorporation into the aqua-culture industry. The mating process of S. olivacea lasted 82.0 ± 10.8 h was divided into fo…
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- Aquaculture Reports 2 (2015) 50–57
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Pathological assessment of farmed yellowtail tetra Astyanaxaltiparanae infest…
This study registers for the first time the copepod Acusicola sp. infesting the gills of farmed yellowtail tetraAstyanax altiparanae, as well as new information on gross pathology and gill alterations. Five specimens ofyellowtail tetra showing slow swimming, respiratory difficulty, scaleness and darkened skin were exam-ined. Fish were analysed in situ for ectoparasites diagnosis. Fragments of t…
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- Aquaculture Reports 2 (2015) 63–66
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Stress responses in rohu, Labeo rohita transported at differentdensities
Transportation of fish, although stressful, is an inevitable procedure in aquaculture practices. In thisstudy, we investigated the changes in biochemical and haematological indices in advanced fingerlingsof rohu, Labeo rohita in order to optimize the packing density as is imperative to avoid transportationstress and associated mortality. The fish (14.00–15.00 cm) were packed in sealed double …
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- Aquaculture Reports 2 (2015) 39–45
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Esophageal infection due to Kudoa sp. (Myxozoa) in mapara catfish,Hypophthalm…
The present study describes lesions caused by Kudoa sp. in the esophageal tissue of mapará catfishes(Hypophthalmus marginatus) collected from Cametá, Tocantins River in the northern Brazil. Fifty refriger-ated H. marginatus specimens were dissected and tissue samples were for embedded in paraffin andstained with hematoxylin-eosi, Masson’s trichrome and Giemsa. Pseudocysts of whitish color w…
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- Aquaculture Reports 2 (2015) 22–25
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- Aquaculture Reports
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Plasmid mediated tetracycline resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus associat…
Antimicrobial resistance is one of the most important problems in public health, veterinary medicine and aquaculture. Importantly, plasmid mediated antibiotic resistance of pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus from shrimp can potentially be transferred through transposition, conjugation and plasmid uptake to different bacterial species in aquaculture systems. In this study, we evaluated the antib…
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- Aquaculture Reports 2 (2015) 17–21
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Genetic responses of the marine copepod Acartia tonsa (Dana) to heatshock and…
Expression of stress-related genes was investigated in the marine copepod Acartia tonsa in relation to heatshock at two different salinities (10 and 32‰), and it was furthermore investigated whether experimen-tally induced epibiont infestation led to elevated expression of stress-related genes. Expression of thegenes ferritin, Hsp90 and Hsp70 were analyzed in adult copepods by conducting reve…
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- Aquaculture Reports 2 (2015) 10–16
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Revealing gene regulation and associations through biologicalnetworks
tTraditionally, over the last 10,000 years, agriculture has relied on natural biological evolution and carefulselection of plant varieties by farmers that was used as the founder material by plant breeders in the last150 years for further genetic improvement. Plant breeders played an important role mainly by introgres-sion of a trait of interest, through the transfer of genetic loci, into an el…
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- Current Plant Biology 3-4 (2015) 30–39
- Judul Seri
- Current Plant Biology
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DNase I hypersensitivity mapping, genomic footprinting, andtranscription fact…
Understanding gene regulatory networks in plants requires knowledge of cis-regulatory DNA, trans-actingfactors, and their dynamics across development and in response to stimuli. Active cis-regulatory elementsare hypersensitive to cleavage by the endonuclease DNase I. Motifs within DNase I hypersensitive sitesindicate potential trans-acting factor occupancy and, when combined with DNase I cleava…
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- Current Plant Biology 3-4 (2015) 40–47
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- Current Plant Biology
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CressInt: A user-friendly web resource for genome-scale explorationof gene re…
tThe thale cress Arabidopsis thaliana is a powerful model organism for studying a wide variety of biologicalprocesses. Recent advances in sequencing technology have resulted in a wealth of information describingnumerous aspects of A. thaliana genome function. However, there is a relative paucity of computationalsystems for efficiently and effectively using these data to create testable hypothes…
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- Current Plant Biology 3-4 (2015) 48–55
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- Current Plant Biology
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Towards a comprehensive and dynamic gynoecium gene regulatorynetwork
tThe Arabidopsis thaliana gynoecium arises at the center of the flower as a simple structure, which willsuccessively develop novel cell types and tissues, resulting in a complex organ. Genetic and hormonalfactors involved in this process have been identified, but we are still far from understanding how theseelements interact, and how these interactions rearrange according to spatial and tempora…
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- Current Plant Biology 3-4 (2015) 3–12
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- Current Plant Biology
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A systems approach to understand shoot branching
Shoots are ramifying systems with regular initiation of new growth axils called shoot branches. In seedplants, shoot buds initiate in leaf axils from axillary meristems (AMs) containing stem cells. The activitiesof AMs and buds play vital roles in plant architecture and crop yield. Whereas recent years have witnessedenormous progress the control of bud outgrowth, our knowledge of AM initiation …
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- Current Plant Biology 3-4 (2015) 13–19
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- Current Plant Biology
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Transcriptional networks governing plant metabolism
Efficiently obtaining and utilizing energy and elements is critical for an organism to maximize its fitness.Optimizing these processes requires precise regulation and coordination of an organism’s metabolic net-works in response to diverse environmental conditions and developmental stages. Metabolic regulationis often considered to largely occur by allosteric feedback where the metabolites di…
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- Current Plant Biology 3-4 (2015) 56–64
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- Current Plant Biology
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A longphotoperiodrelaxesenergymanagementin Arabidopsis leaf six
Plants adapt to the prevailing photoperiod by adjustinggrowthandfloweringtotheavailabilityofenergy. To understand the molecul archanges involved in adaptation to along-dayconditionwecomprehensively profiled leaf six at the end of the day and theend of the night at four development al stages on Arabidopsis thaliana plants grownin a 16 hphotoperiod,andcompared the profilest othose from leaf 6of …
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- Current PlantBiology2(2015)34–45
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- Current PlantBiology
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Enhanced resistance in wheat against stem rust achieved by markerassisted bac…
Marker assisted backcrossing (MABC) was used to transfer the three stem rust (Puccinia graminis tritici)resistant genes Sr25, SrWeb and Sr50 into the popular Indian wheat cv. HUW234. The donor was theCIMMYT breeding line PMBWIR4, and each of the target genes was marked by a simple PCR assay. Athree step screening strategy was adopted: the first screen comprised foreground selection, the secondu…
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- Current Plant Biology 2 (2015) 25–33
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- Current Plant Biology
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Computational approaches to identify regulators of plant stressresponse using…
Insight into biological stress regulatory pathways can be derived from high-throughput transcriptomicdata using computational algorithms. These algorithms can be integrated into a computational approachto provide specific testable predictions that answer biological questions of interest. This review conceptu-ally organizes a wide variety of developed algorithms into a classification system base…
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- Current Plant Biology 3-4 (2015) 20–29
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- Current Plant Biology
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The KnownLeaf literature curation system captures knowledge aboutArabidopsis …
The information that connects genotypes and phenotypes is essentially embedded in research articleswritten in natural language. To facilitate access to this knowledge, we constructed a framework for thecuration of the scientific literature studying the molecular mechanisms that control leaf growth anddevelopment in Arabidopsis thaliana (Arabidopsis). Standard structured statements, called relat…
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- Current Plant Biology 2 (2015) 1–11
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- Current Plant Biology
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Introgression of the high grain protein gene Gpc-B1 in an elite wheatvariety …
Grain protein content (GPC) in wheat has been a major trait of interest for breeders since it has enormousend use potential. In the present study, marker-assisted backcrossing (MABC) was successfully used toimprove GPC in wheat cultivar HUW468. The genotype Glu269 was used as the donor parent for intro-gression of the gene Gpc-B1 that confers high GPC. In a segregating population, SSR marker Xu…
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- Current Plant Biology 1 (2014) 60–67
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- Current Plant Biology
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Plant speciation through chromosome instability and ploidy change:Cellular me…
Plant speciation and diversification strongly rely on structural changes in the nuclear genome, both at the whole ploidy and individual chromosome level. Phylogenetic, comparative mapping and cytological studies have provided insights into the evolutionary mechanisms that shape the plant genome. These include major genome alterations, such as whole genome duplication and hybridization (auto- an…
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- Current Plant Biology 1 (2014) 10–33
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- Current Plant Biology
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Application of iPBS in high-throughput sequencing for thedevelopment of retro…
Retrotransposons are major components of higher plant genomes, and long terminal repeat (LTR) retro-transposons are especially predominant. Thus, numerous LTR retrotransposon families with high copynumbers exist in most plant genomes. As the integrated copies of these retrotransposons are geneticallyinherited, their insertion polymorphisms among crop cultivars have been used as functional molec…
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- Current Plant Biology 1 (2014) 40–44
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- Current Plant Biology
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Paleogenomics in Triticeae for translational research
Recent access to Triticeae genome sequences as well as high resolution gene-based genetic maps recentlyoffered the opportunity to compare modern Triticeae genomes and model their evolutionary history fromtheir reconstructed founder ancestors. In silico paleogenomic data have revealed the evolutionary forcesthat have shaped present-day Triticeae and allowed to gain insight into how wheat, barley…
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- Current Plant Biology 1 (2014) 34–39
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- Current Plant Biology
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Expression of a transferred nuclear gene in a mitochondrial genome
tTransfer of mitochondrial genes to the nucleus, and subsequent gain of regulatory elements for expres-sion, is an ongoing evolutionary process in plants. Many examples have been characterized, which insome cases have revealed sources of mitochondrial targeting sequences and cis-regulatory elements. Incontrast, there have been no reports of a nuclear gene that has undergone intracellular transf…
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- Current Plant Biology 1 (2014) 68–72
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- Current Plant Biology
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Gene and genome duplications and the origin of C4photosynthesis:Birth of a tr…
tC4photosynthesis is a trait that has evolved in 66 independent plant lineages and increases the efficiencyof carbon fixation. The shift from C3to C4photosynthesis requires substantial changes to genes andgene functions effecting phenotypic, physiological and enzymatic changes. We investigate the role ofancient whole genome duplications (WGD) as a source of new genes in the development of this …
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- Current Plant Biology 1 (2014) 2–9
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- Current Plant Biology
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Biological process annotation of proteins across the plant kingdom
tAccurate annotation of protein function is key to understanding life at the molecular level, but auto-mated annotation of functions is challenging. We here demonstrate the combination of a method forprotein function annotation that uses network information to predict the biological processes a proteinis involved in, with a sequence-based prediction method. The combined function prediction is b…
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- Current Plant Biology 1 (2014) 73–82
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- Current Plant Biology
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The repetitive component of the sunflower genome
The sunflower (Helianthus annuus) and species belonging to the genus Helianthus are emerging as amodel species and genus for a number of studies on genome evolution. In this review, we report on therepetitive component of the H. annuus genome at the biochemical, molecular, cytological, and genomiclevels. Recent work on sunflower genome composition is described, with emphasis on different typeso…
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- Current Plant Biology 1 (2014) 45–54
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- Current Plant Biology
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Analysis of simple sequence repeats in rice bean (Vigna umbellata) using an S…
Rice bean (Vigna umbellata Thunb.), a warm-season annual legume, is grown in Asia mainly for dried grain or fodder and plays an important role in human and animal nutrition because the grains are rich in protein and some essential fatty acids and minerals. With the aim of expediting the genetic improvement of rice bean, we initiated a project to develop genomic resources and tools for molecular…
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- T H E C R O P J O U R N A L 4 ( 2 0 1 6 ) 4 0 – 4 7
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Characterization of QTL for unique agronomic traits of new-plant-type rice va…
To enhance the yield potential of an elite indica rice cultivar, an introgression (BC3-derived) line of IR64, YTH288, was developed using a new-plant-type cultivar,IR66215-44-2-3, as a donor parent. YTH288 has agronomically valuable characteristics such as large panicles, few unproductive tillers, and large leaves inherited from NPT. To identify the genetic basis of these traits, we used 167 F…
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- T H E C R O P J O U R N A L 4 ( 2 0 1 6 ) 1 2 – 2 0
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Interpreting genotype × environment interactions for grain yield of rainfed …
Clustering genotype × environment (GE) interactions and understanding the causes of GE interactions are among the most important tasks in crop breeding programs. Pattern analysis (cluster and ordination techniques) was applied to analyze GE interactions for grain yield of 24 durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) genotypes (breeding lines and old and new cultivars) along with a popular …
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- T H E C R O P J O U R N A L 3 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 5 2 6 – 5 3 5
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Responses in gas exchange and water status between drought-tolerant and -susc…
The purpose of this studywas to investigate the physiological responses of drought-tolerant and drought-susceptible soybean genotypes to exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) application during progressive soil drying at seedling stages. Five-day old soybean seedlings were transplanted into PVC tubes filledwith soilmixture. Seedlingswerewatered dailywith similarwater volumes until second trifoliate lea…
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- T H E C R O P J O U R N A L 3 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 5 0 0 – 5 0 6
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Effect of elevated [CO2] and nutrient management on wet and dry season rice p…
The present experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of elevated [CO2] with varying nutrient management on rice–rice production system. The experiment was conducted in the open field and inside open-top chambers (OTCs) of ambient [CO2] (≈390 μmol L−1) and elevated [CO2] environment (25% above ambient) during wet and dry seasons in 2011–2013 at Kharagpur, India. The nutrient man…
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- T H E C R O P J O U R N A L 3 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 4 6 8 – 4 8 0
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Resistance to powdery mildew in the pea cultivar Xucai 1 is conferred by the …
Powdery mildew, caused by Erysiphe pisi D.C., is a major constraint to pea production worldwide. The pea cultivar Xucai 1 has shown high resistance to E. pisi under greenhouse and field conditions. The objectives of this study were to identify and characterize genes conferring resistance to powdery mildew in Xucai 1. Three crosses, Qizhen 76 × Xucai 1, Bawan 6 × Xucai 1, and Xucai 1 × Bawan…
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- T H E C R O P J O U R N A L 3 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 4 8 9 – 4 9 9
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Barnyard millet global core collection evaluation in the submontane Himalayan…
Barnyard millet (Echinochloa spp.) is one of the most underresearched crops with respect to characterization of genetic resources and genetic enhancement. A total of 95 germplasm lines representing global collection were evaluated in two rainy seasons at Almora,Uttarakhand, India for qualitative and quantitative traits and the data were subjected to multivariate analysis. High variation was ob…
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- T H E C R O P J O U R N A L 3 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 5 1 7 – 5 2 5
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Comparative QTL analysis of maize seed artificial aging between an immortaliz…
Seed aging decreases the quality and vigor of crop seeds, thereby causing substantial agricultural and economic losses in crops. To identify genetic differences in seed aging between homozygotes and heterozygotes in maize, the seeds of a set of recombinant inbred lines (RILs) and an immortalized F2 (IF2) population were subjected to artificial aging treatments for 0, 2, 3, and 4 days under 45 �…
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- T H E C R O P J O U R N A L 4 ( 2 0 1 6 ) 3 0 – 3 9
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A nucleotide substitution at the 5′ splice site of intron 1 of rice HEADING…
We investigated genetic variation of a rice HEADING DATE 1(HD1) homolog in foxtail millet. First, we searched for a rice HD1 homolog in a foxtail millet genome sequence and designed primers to amplify the entire coding sequence of the gene. We compared full HD1 gene sequences of 11 accessions (including Yugu 1, a Chinese cultivar used for genome sequencing) from various regions in Europe and A…
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- T H E C R O P J O U R N A L 3 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 4 8 1 – 4 8 8
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Tillage and straw mulching impacts on grain yield and water use efficiency of…
A two-year field experiment (2012–2013) was conducted to investigate the effects of two tillage methods and five maize straw mulching patterns on the yield, water consumption,and water use efficiency (WUE) of spring maize (Zea mays L.) in the northern Huang–Huai–Hai valley of China. Compared to rotary tillage, subsoil tillage resulted in decreases in water consumption by 6.3–7.8% and i…
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- T H E C R O P J O U R N A L 3 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 4 4 5 – 4 5 0
- Judul Seri
- T H E C R O P J O U R N A L
- No. Panggil
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Herbivore defense responses and associated herbivore defense mechanism as rev…
Plants have evolved sophisticated defensemechanisms against herbivores to help them adapt to the environment. Understanding the defense mechanisms in plants can help us control insects in a more effective manner. In this study, we found that compared with Tianlong 2 (a cultivated soybean with insect susceptibility), ED059 (a wild soybean line with insect resistance) contains sharper pubescence …
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- T H E C R O P J O U R N A L 3 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 4 5 1 – 4 6 7
- Judul Seri
- T H E C R O P J O U R N A L
- No. Panggil
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Physiological responses of Brassica napus to fulvic acid under water stress: …
The ameliorative effect of fulvic acid (0, 300, and 600 mg L−1) on photosystem II and antioxidant enzyme activity of the rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) plant under water stress (60, 100, and 140 mm evaporation from class A pan) was studied using split plots in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results indicated that application of fulvic acid (FA) improved the maximum…
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- H E C R O P J O U R N A L 3 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 4 3 4 – 4 3 9
- Judul Seri
- H E C R O P J O U R N A L
- No. Panggil
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Geographical distribution of GmTfl1 alleles in Chinese soybean varieties
Stem growth habit is an important agronomic trait in soybean and is subject to artificial selection. This study aimed to provide a theory for genotypic selection of stem growth habit for breeding purposes by analyzing the alleles of GmTfl1 gene in Chinese soybean varieties and establishing a database of GmTfl1 variation. Using knowledge of insertion and deletion (Indel) in the non-coding regio…
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- T H E C R O P J O U R N A L 3 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 3 7 1 – 3 7 8
- Judul Seri
- T H E C R O P J O U R N A L
- No. Panggil
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Molecular mapping of the hybrid necrosis gene NetJingY176 in Aegilops tauschi…
The rich genetic variation preserved in collections of Aegilops tauschii can be readily exploited to improve common wheat using synthetic hexaploid wheat lines. However,hybrid necrosis, which is characterized by progressive death of leaves or plants, has been observed in certain interspecific crosses between tetraploid wheat and Ae. tauschii. The aim of this study was to construct a fine geneti…
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- Deskripsi Fisik
- T H E C R O P J O U R N A L 3 ( 2 0 1 5 ) 2 9 8 – 3 0 4
- Judul Seri
- T H E C R O P J O U R N A L
- No. Panggil
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